Save Two Mothers Quickly!
Many have heard the moans of two Mothers in pain
No one knows, where from the sounds were coming
The moans get louder as time went by, age changes
Come quick, save two moaning Mothers right now!
Introduction
The semantic
religion have thought, that living things: human being, animal, and plant came
to earth surface live the mundanely life by the grace of Allah, the Beneficent,
the Merciful, first came to Universe
took the form of soul (immaterial) traveling a long journey from heaven. Upon arrival
in Universe, on earth surface in particular, the soul of human being and other
living thing, embarked on a second journey
began in the womb, be born to earth surface as: baby, under five year, child,
teenage, adolescent, parents, grand father and mother, twilight of life, and end
of life. To presents human being and other living thing able be seen on earth
surface, can tell something, to communicate with each other, as well as execute
various activities, human being as well as other living thing got “matters”
(materials) borrowed from the earth surface, to become real thing, as indicator
of the material existence, called body.
And for latter
said, for human being as well as most of living thing, initially donated by respective parents during copulation, and
after fulfilling the breast feeding from biological mother for around two years,
then directly be fed by mother earth by way of: drinking, eating, breathing, exercising,
etc.; managed by “Natural Live Technology”, shorten: NLT. The process take
place right inside the body of a human being as well as other living thing, making
use “cold chemical reaction” involving some kind of chemical elements, such as:
hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and so on, which are available in Mendeleyev table,
now popularly known as periodic table, with two elements mentioned earlier dominate.
After journey of the mundane live been accomplished for predetermined span granted
by Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful, to make some “preparation”; human being
as well as other living thing will engage again the first journey as soul, after
“matters” (materials) borrowed from mother earth been returned, to fulfill the call
of Allah, the Beneficent, and the Merciful.
Between each
journeys traversed by every soul, the one encounter so many problem to human
being as well as other living thing is mundane live on earth surface. One has
to acknowledge that there are certain obligations and responsibilities that must
be fulfilled by human being in the course of mundane life that fall into 3 (three)
categories, in order relation with everything in existence may be established harmoniously.
First, relation with Allah, the Most
Gracious, and the Most Merciful, called in Arabic: “hablumminAllah”. He is Who to allow human being as well as other
living thing came to Universe in general, to earth surface in particular, as place
of living blanketed by atmosphere full of air; water inundating all dents on its
surface, like: ponds, canals, rivers, lakes, seas, and oceans; and lands for
residential as well as business activity of various kind. The latter also where
people grow plants for: foods, medicines, buildings, and so on, with light and heat
emanated directly from the sun. Second,
relation among all human being of all race or ancestor called in Arabic: “hablumminannas”; as well as with other living
thing occupying the earth surface. Third,
the relation between every living thing occupying the Universe in general, with
earth surface in particular known as the blue planet, as a place of living, called
in Arabic: “hablumminalkaun”. The latter has an extraordinary
properties related to living things which are not yet completely unveiled to human
being, having no comparison with any another planet known to mankind so far in the
Universe.
For the Universe
in general, the earth in particular, a code of conduct must be established from
“politeness” at the beginning to “ethics” as well as the relevant “law” with
punishment at end, known as: “ The Law of the Universe” particularly “The Law
of the Earth”. The execution of the latter must be in correspondence with the severity
of every wrongdoing done by man to
Universe in general, to the earth in particular; consistently executed in
the passage of time across the ages, and to be monitored closely. Punishment will
be given to every perpetrator who cause the environment around the Universe to
deteriorate, particularly on and around the blue planet, where human being and other
living thing injunction by Allah the Beneficent, and the Merciful, to live
and stay for a predetermined life span, to be protected from any wrongdoing or destruction
effected by human hands.
Industrial Revolution
And when it is said onto
them: “Make no mischief in the earth”, they say: we are peacemakers only.
Ignominy shall be
their portion where so ever they are found save (where they grasp) a rope from
Allah and a rope from men.13 They have incurred anger from their
Lord and wretchedness is laid upon them. That is because they used to
disbelieve the revelations of Allah, and slew the Prophets wrongfully. That is
because they were rebellious and used to transgress.
13 i.e., when they keep the covenant which the Prophet had made with the
Jews of Al-Madinah.
Quote from the
Glorious Qur’an, an explanatory translated by Mohammed Marmaduke Pickthall. Islamic Book Trust, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2001.
There are still various
Sūrahs came afterwards also to remind man to make no mischief on earth. But with
the emergence of “industrial revolution”, first wave came up from 1760 to 1820
and 1840 (end of eighteen century to the beginning of nineteenth century), being
followed by second wave appearing from 1840 till 1870, had caused the economic
development to progress very quickly in Europe. Then the development got its
momentum with spread of railways driven by the steam locomotives in a number of
European countries in the continent. In United States of America, steam engine
was later use to drive vessels in 1850 sailing on: rivers, lakes, seas, and
oceans, to replace the unreliable sail driven vessels. The invention of flying
machine by Wright brothers in the United States of America entering the 20th
century, causing air transport between continents been born across the sky.
Great change has happened on earth surface ever since. Land transport was initially
tamed animal drawn carriages all over the world been taken over by engine
driven transport; also same sail driven water transport be replaced by engine driven
vessel; and the introduction of air transport and interplanetary vehicles crowding
the sky around the the blue planet, never to be imagined by people to witness in
their life.
And from that historical moment: agriculture,
industry, various mines from the depth of earth, and other businesses, had altered
the course of doing thing from everything done by human and animal muscular power
into everything done by the power of newly invented machine. Also came into
existence the various war machines like the one used in World War I and World
War II, and other wars came afterward like: the Korean War and the Vietnam War.
Industrial
revolution also changed the human living environment along with other living
thing on earth surface from all eras of the preceding times.
Industrial
revolution had changed also human way of live in the community on earth
surface, ranging from: mobility, social, values, economy, cultures, beliefs,
religion, and many more in the course of live for the entire world; from underdeveloped
to the developed countries. The earth population getting closer to each other by
land, water, and air, in comparison with time before the emergence of industrial
revolution, causing social, cultural, religious, conflict to surface across
the world in the following centuries.
The
industrial revolution began from England in United Kingdom, and spread across
Europe, then spelt over to North America, Japan, finally to the rest of the
world, not excluding Indonesia. The industrial revolution was first considered
as “blessing” for human being living on earth with the various transport driven
by engines enabling people to travel anywhere he/she like, not excluding the need to fulfill the Hajj
pilgrimage to Holy Land in Mecca and Medina in the Saudi Arabia by aircraft.
Now, after more than two centuries time had elapsed, people then
came to realize to the fact that industrial revolution is really the cause of so
many “disasters” to human, animal, and vegetation living environment on earth
surface. Entering the 3rd millennium, frequent wind with the speed of
aircraft take off already happened in many part of the world; an example of
which is the flatten of Tacloban city in the Philippine not very long time ago.
Corruption
doth appear on land and sea because of (the evil) which man’s hands have done,
that He may make them taste a part of that which they have done, in order that
they may return.
It seems that
the “warning” in Sūrah Ar-Rum,
Verse 41, is in force now working to do evil things on earth surface caused by
the industrial revolution. And taste a part of which they have done, injunction
human being to return back to the era, before a “great change” had happened on earth
surface.
Ever since
the first human being came to earth surface around three hundred thousands
years ago, and spread into many ages; Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful, had sent
messengers to lead human being. These messengers taught people how to run mundane
live on the planet surface, bay way the fulfillment of some obligations and to shoulder
responsibilities, so that human being and other living things as party of the great
Universe can get along harmoniously.
Three of
last messengers came to earth surface as mentioned in the holy Al-Quran, are: the
Prophet Moses AS who brought the Torah to Jews, followed by the Prophet Jesus AS,
son of Mary, brought the Bible to Christians, and the Prophet Muhammad SAW
brought Al-Quran to Muslim handed over
by Gabriel. Besides holy books containing many Sūrah detailed by various Verses, there were also way of live carried
out the messengers left behind, later known Hadis written by famous writer
of every religion.
As thing
invented by God the Almighty by way NLT from earth matter, human being as well
as other living thing encounter various
problems with with its variety living mundane live on earth surface right from inside
womb, born as baby, under five, child, teenage, adolescence, parents, grand father and mother, twilight of life, and
end of live.
After
almost two years milked by “birth mother”, the responsibility to care human
being and other living things, being transferred to “mother care” or “care mother”.
The care mother for human being as well as other living things is the earth or the
blue planet itself. The latter acts as the place to live in the Universe, the
earth surface in particular by providing the living environment for daily
necessities such as: air to breath, water to drink, light and heat emitted by the
sun, etc.; before returning to God the Almighty in the end.
This is why, every living thing is injunction to live on a
planet in this great Universe (Al-Kaun) will have two mothers, each of which: the
“Biological Mother” or the “birth mother”, shorten BM, and the “Mother Care” or the
“mother care”, shorten MC. The latter is nothing but the planet where one live
in the Universe, also called “Planet Mother” or “mother planet”, shorten PM.
Every one the world over knows what is said: “mother
country”, other say “father land”; it is that piece of land on the earth
surface where one, or his or her father or mother was born, or came from. The
combination of all “mother country” or “father land” of all nation living on
earth surface was nothing else but the “earth surface” itself. This is the
reason why a planet where human being and other living thing stay in the great Universe,
been called “Mother Earth”, shorten ME, or scientifically called “Mother
Nature”, shorten MN.
That is why any living thing that live in this Universe, on
whichever planet he or she or it is injunction by God the Almighty to stay and
live, will be born by every BM and cared by collective ME or MN.
Mother Earth
Source: Google
Mundanely Life
Uncountable
problems encountered by human being living the mundanely life on earth surface not
excluding its variation spread down into: personal, family, group, ethnic,
region, national, and international. There are problem of teens entering
puberty live with their behavior require parent attention. There are poverty among
earth’s inhabitants require various job to secure its solution. There are illiteracy
haunting young people in many places around the globe wanting to get primary education.
There are elderly who are physically weak suffered absentminded rising in
number the world over. There are
problems on belief, religion, intellectual, and so on, need to have attention
of the public and government. There are deforestation of national parks in
many underdeveloped countries producing oxygen for all living things remain unsolved.
There are crime, drugs, hijacking,
computer hacking, human rights, intellectual property, etc., problems require
everyone attention. Other problem not less important to get solved is the
pollution of human living environment on land; in water bodies like pond, raw sewage,
canal, river, sea and the ocean; the earth atmosphere, also beyond; ever since the
industrial revolution started more than two centuries ago.
Please bare
in mind, each of aforesaid problem will have its dynamic, meaning that there
are problem just appear, other continuously being on hold, while other absent
for a while and suddenly reappear
unpredictably. This is why problems encountered by human being in mundanely
life cannot all be known, also be broken down one by one. Besides, these
problems are also running one after the other to get solution, because if one
is unsolved or be solved too late may invite a disaster to human being or other
living thing.
The House of Allah
During his life on earth, the prophet Muhammad SAW
suggested people to build Mosque. A Mosque is a “bait ul-Allah” or the house of
Allah, because the site on which it was built determined by people who had acquired
His blessing, and the fund was used to build it come from people who were
willingly donate due whose heart has been urged by Him.
Nowadays there are about 1.000.000. Mosques in Nusantara
(Indonesia), big and small, being spread from cities big and small up to villages.
Even more number of Mosque already been established outside Nusantara being
spread into many countries across the world.
All Houses of God are places on earth surface use to worship
Allah, the Most Gracious, and the Most Merciful (HablumminAllah) as conveyed by
Sūrah Ali-Imran, Verse 112. It
was also the places for the peaceful relation among Muslim from all race or
ancestor (Hablumminannas) all over the world to exchange information on Islamic
faith, religious teaching, as well as gaining various knowledge and science scattered
by Allah, the Most Gracious, and the Most Merciful, across the great Universe,
including planet earth.
Now with industrial
revolution broke to surface, and spread to every corner of the world not to exclude
the Nusantara, various pollution were introduced to living environment of human
being and other living thing. Land, water, atmosphere, and space around the blue
planet been polluted by wastes for more
than two centuries, there are no other way for earth citizen of all faith around
the world, except to root out the cause of environmental pollution right from the
surface of the blue planet called ME.
The pollution introduced by the
industrial revolution emerging from Europe, already restless MC who is entitled
to be responsible to all living thing on the blue planet surface. To get rid of
the pollution, Sūrah Ali-Imran, Verse 112, has to be supported by Sūrah Ar-Rum (The Romans), Verse 41,
saying: “Corruption doth appear on land and sea because of (the evil) which
man’s hands have done, that He may make them taste a part of that which they
have done, in order that they may return”.
It appears that Sūrah
Ali-Imran, Verse 112, valid for period of human live of the preindustrial
revolution, when mankind remain in worldview of “duologue”, i.e.: HablumminAllah
and Hablumminannas perse. Now after introduction industrial revolution born to
earth surface, more than two centuries ago, and has shown a clear sign of
climate change on earth surface in
negative direction or not in favor of every living thing existence, the
warning of Sūrah Ar-Rum (The
Romans), Verse 41, must also be taken to save both MB and ME.
The joint action of Sūrah
Ali-Imran, Verse 112, and Sūrah
Ar-Rum (The Romans), Verse 41, lead to the introduction of a new worldview, the
“trilogy”, i.e.: HablumminAllah, Hablumminannas, and Hablumminalkaun, demanded
by every living thing after the “industrial revolution” had born on earth
surface.
The worldview
switch from “duologue” to “trilogy” been communicated with every world citizen, now
living on earth surface by preacher of each faith on the blue planet. For the Muslim
religion been effect by Imam with his subordinate in Mosque as well as Islamic religious school such as: madrasah, etc. throughout the world. For other belief been
effected by dignitary of the respected Holy House of faith along with the respected religious school, etc. Also mass campaign on open air in large crowd by various
organization in favor to save “the only earth” has to be encouraged to convey this
important message.
The
message switching from duologue to trilogy must get through to every citizen on
the earth surface wherever he/she lives to get rid of pollution that has happened on earth
surface, especially the real climate change that has occurred on earth surface,
so there will be no one known as “son of Adam” left behind uninformed.
The Arrival of Living Thing
After the very
high temperature glowing fireball turn cold enough on earth orbit, plants
predicted came to earth about 430 million years ago. With advent of vegetation
capable to deliver a variety of food, animal follow suite came to earth
predicted arrive the last 75 million years, followed by monkey imitating human
being about the last 10 million years, and finally arrived on earth surface was
human being about the last 300.000 years. That was result of the scientific
research conducted so far on the coming of various living thing to earth
surface as seen from the point of view of evolution developed so far.
It must be
acknowledge that Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful, has made NLT with organic
chemistry of cold or body temperature to present a variety living thing on
earth surface, such: plants, animal, and human being, making use various
chemical elements in periodic table with water as majority constituent of about 70 % body
weight.
Having NLT,
all living thing on earth surface can have their food as well as other live necessities
on embarking the second live, i.e. mundanely live on earth surface from birth
to end of live, supported by the earth’s living environment and light with heat
coming from the sun. Besides, NLT also foreseen how to get rid of environmental
pollution once living things completed their mundanely live, and return the matters
borrowed back to ME after live span had elapsed.
Bare in
mind, NLT introduced by Allah the Almighty constitute of chemical elements establishing
living thing’s body of various form on embarking the second journey of
mundanely live on earth surface. First,
ME borrows various chemical elements required by any living thing to exist in
live, like: plant, animal, and human being. These elements came from the earth
crust of shallow depth, a mere less than tens meter. Second, all body that have been left behind by souls after completion
their second journey will be send back to where they came from by way of:
burial, sunken, or simply left over, will be recycled first by billion of
bacteria working as predator, then by other predators then invited depend on size and
condition. This way all bodies returned to ME’s lap been disassembled back into various chemical
elements on the periodic table, to be borrowed then by next generation living
things entitled to embark second journey of mundanely on earth surface. For the
body cremated, fire acts as the predator to disassemble back into chemical
elements. Third, NLT with organic chemistry is the cold way of establishing
various living things body in mundanely live on earth surface, beginning from
womb, born as baby, under five, child, teens, adolescent, parents, grand father
and mother, twilight of live, and end of live. This is not to exclude the
independent of every living thing shown by personality, intelligent, etc.;
which are yet still unveiled in to human understanding about their origin,
location, etc., in each body up until now.
The Earth Inhabitant
Up until now, the inhabitant on
earth surface continue to rise with time. When Sūrah Al-Alaq been revealed to the Prophet Muhammad SAW on
August 6, 610 AD inside Hira cave through the angel Jibril (Gabriel), number of human being living on
earth surface was estimated to be about 200.000.000 people. And, after 1150 years
time has elapsed since then, more than a Millennium, until the emergence of industrial
revolution” in the European continent, number of earth population has raised to
720.000.000 people, with an average rate of population increase of: 452.000 people
every year. Then, in the year 1850 AD, the inhabitant of the blue planet has reached
1.200.000.000 (one Billion two hundred Million) people. In the year of 1950 AD
alone, a hundred years later, the human population on earth surface has reached
2.500.000.000 people, with an average rate of population increase of 13.000.000
people every year. From what has been mentioned above, there has happened a drastic
“change” of population average rate of rise on the blue planet, from: 0,452 million people every
year to 13 million people every year in the
last one hundred year. The deviation of earth population rate of increase from almost “horizontal” to nearly “vertical”, was due to
the “industrial revolution”, and undoubtedly introduced by man, making so many ease
of live happened on the earth surface, such as: travel, production of goods
and services, mechanization of agriculture, etc.; traveling the “second journey”
or the mundanely live on earth surface. In year 2000 AD human population on
earth already over 6 Billion people, and in 2011 already reached 7 Billion
people. Future forecast gives: in the year 2025 human inhabitant on earth surface
will reach: 8 Billion people, and in year 2043: 9 Billion people, and on
entering the first century of 3rd Millennium will be over 10 Billion
people. The following graph indicates how human population rises on earth
surface as prepared by Google.
Source: Google
Short History of Philosophy
1. Islamic Philosophy in Middle East
Religion brought by the Prophet Muhammad SAW lead Muslim to
establish an Islamic Caliphate on
Arabian peninsula in the seventh century AD, later expand to surrounding region.
As the consequence, meeting with other cultures already in existence unhindered.
“Ilmu kalam” or science of the logical thinking enter Muslim community with an aim
to transfer the teaching of the new religion the practical way, lead to the
birth of Islamic theology. Then came: fiqih (law), tasawwuf (mystic), Islamic philosophy,
etc. Philosophy introduced to Muslim: debate, dialectic, argument, and others, to
get rid differences in various views. The Islamic philosophy also deals with
live in general, also mundanely live, universe, values, etiquette, society; methodically
gathered for use by the Muslim.
Muslim got attracted with Greek philosophy, ever since the early
age of Hijrah (the Islamic calendar) with a belief that, Allah is the creator
of everything in existence, while science and knowledge brought down and scattered
all over the entire universe to lead mankind understand and know more about
Him, and everything that has been created by Him.
Not long after the first Caliphate of Islamic spread its wing,
the Caliphate of Abbasid
(750–1258) instructed its people to gather
Greek’s manuscripts circulating in the country to raise caliphate image. Some philosopher
of the Islamic world became well known in Middle East ever since the historical
moment among them: Al-Kindi,
Al-Farabi, Ibnu Sina, Al-Gazali, Ibnu-Bajah, Ibnu-Thufail, and Ibnu- Rusyd. Right
from early nineteenth century Al-Makmun bin Harun Ar-Rasyid (813-833), the seventh ruler of Abbasid, along with his predecessor seriously
introduce the Greek’s philosophy and teaching to Muslim societies in the Arab
world.
In 762, the Abbasid Caliphate moved the capital from Damascus to Baghdad, and called latter
city a marketplace for the world. Then the Turks and Mongols came around and took over the empire
by invading its cities and destroying many places, but still let the caliph
live and left the empire with time to ruin. The Abbasid dynasty then died along
with the caliph.
After the fall of
the Abbasid Caliphate in Bagdad, the Caliphate
of Córdoba on the peninsula of Iberia and part of North Africa with Córdoba as the capital was
established. The Caliphate of Córdoba was
part of the state of Caliphate of Umayyad was existed from 929 to 1031. The
region formerly dominated by the Emirate of Córdoba from 756 to 929 of the Umayyad
Caliphate. The period characterized by expansion of trade and culture exchanges
between two sides of the Middle East, i.e: around Greek, Turk, the Arab
peninsula, and others, with the peninsula of Iberian, later known: Portugal,
Spain, France, and others. The period also saw the construction of masterpieces
of al-Andalus architecture, like
Alhambra's Islamic palaces, Cordoba Great Mosque, etc., as known today, was built
for the last Muslim emirs in Spain and the court of the Nasrid dynasty; then converted into
a royal palace in 1333 by Yusuf I, the Sultan of Granada.
In
January 929, Abd-ar-Rachman III proclaimed himself caliph of Córdoba in place
of his original title, Emir of Córdoba. He was a member of the Umayyad dynasty,
which had held the title of Emir of Córdoba since years 756.
During the reign of Umayyad Caliphate,
the sea of Mediterranean acted waterway as well as the artery of trade and cultural
exchange between its two side, because land transport on the northern and
southern part of the sea of Mediterranean were people walking on foot step and
carriages drawn by tamed animal like horse etc. with access very limited. Also same
for the trade and cultural exchange between the peninsula of Iberia and the
western European countries, such: France, United Kingdom, Dutch, German, and the
rests.
The Atlantic
waterway can hinder freezing in winter due to the famous tropical warm water
diverted by the Gulf of Mexico flowing far to the north, causing the Atlantic become
freed from the layers of ice for sailing
throughout the year.
Latter waterway has contributed to
the development of trade and cultural exchange between the Iberian peninsula
and Western Europe, while both waterways has transferred science and the
Mediterranean culture from around the Greek, Turk, Arabian peninsula, even as
far as Persia and India, gathered by Arabian thinkers prior to the emergence of
renaissance in Western Europe.
The attention of Muslim scholars
to philosophy and science continue to escalate under the fifth Umayyad
Caliphate, known as Muhammad
ibn Abdurrahman (832-886 M). At times scholars of the Islamic world not adhere
to Muslim orthodox further. Together with their non-Muslims counterpart they
were venturing the Greek, Hindu, and other preIslamic thinking, through relatives
and friendship with the Christians living in Western Europe.
Both of them worked hard hand in hand to make the
Aristotelian thinking back known again by Christian community, after for so
long lost from their memory living in European society. Among the prominent
Islamic thinkers been mentioned are: Al-Farabi, Ibnu-Sina, and Al-Kindi.
They had long introduced Aristotle, Neoplato, and
others into the Islamic communities in Middle East. Many had considered that
they were not belong to the Islamic orthodox, even other considered them no
more Islamic philosopher considering the writing had been done. Below
descriptions of some prominent Islamic philosophers at the time:
Al-Kindi (801-873) was an Arab of Kinda tribe, a man who founded the
Islamic philosophy, was born in Bagdad, Irak. After completing school in his
town of birth, he went to Bagdad for further education and various disciplines
like: mathematics, physics, mystic, arts as well as others. He introduced
philosophy to the Islamic world in Middle East and laid the foundation.
Al-Kindi quickly catched the attention of “house of wisdom” as well as circle inside
the Abbasid Caliphate entrusting Al-Kindi to supervise the translation of
various Greece manuscripts on science and philosophy from the Greek into Arabian
language. Al-Kindi was one of Arabian scholar who left behind variety of
writing among others: metaphysics, ethic, logic, psychology, medicine,
pharmacology, mathematics, astronomy, astrology, and optic. He was also
fascinating with topics such: meteorology, earth quack, etc., which considered
down to earth.
Al-Ash'arī
(874–936) was a scholar and an Islamic theologian from Middle East named
Al-Ashari. He was born in Basra, and the descendent of one of the close friend
of the prophet Muhammad SAW. As young man, he started to learn from Al-Jubba’i,
a known Mu’tazilah school of theology and philosophy at the time. The
Al-Jubba’i was an education based on rational reasoning from human thinking
famous at the time. Al-Ashari implemented the Mu’tazilah teaching fully loyal
until his age reached forty years.
One day in the month of Ramadan, he dream meeting with the
prophet Mohammad SAW. Same dream continuously for three days in succession requesting
him to return to hadis tradition of Muslim. From that time on, Al-Ash'arī left the Mu’tazilah and
turned into its fierce opposition. All the best he knew on philosophy ever since
was directed to oppose the teaching he was once a very loyal with.
Because of his influence was so great, Muslim in Middle East
treated him as a man who founded the widely accepted Al-Ashari teaching of
Islam in the region, even Imam Al-Ghazali the well known writer of four books:
“Ihya Ulum ’Ad-Din” (Revival of Religion’s Sciences), follow suite.
Ibnu Sina (980-1037) was another Arab scholar qualified in many
discipline of science such: philosophy, astronomy, chemistry, geology, psychology,
Islamic theology, logic, mathematics, physics, not to exclude writing of poems many
Muslim scholar familiar during the time. But what makes his name propelled high
around the world was about the healing of various disease, which turn into canon
book of medicine of two well known universities in Europe then, i.e.: Montpelier
and Levant in France until the year 1650.
Al-Ghazali
(1058–1111) was an Islamic
theologian from Persia, fond of the Islamic legal system (sharia law),
philosophy, etc., and not excluding the mystic. He became the most influential
Muslim in the Islamic world after the death of the prophet Muhammad SAW. He was
one of Renewal (Mujaddid) of the Islamic
belief, and according to the religious tradition in Middle East will come to
earth every one hundred years or so. The works of Al-Gazali then well received
and highly respected by every Muslim of his time; he was awarded
honorific title: Hujjat al-Islam (Proof
of Islam). Other accused him opposition to
the Neoplatonic version of Islamic belief and teaching having not less follower
in the region. Al-Ghazali also successfully restored the influence of Islamic
orthodox in the region who for so long time had carried out the teaching of
their Sufi so far.
Al-Farabi (1165-1240) was an Arab mystical Sufi also a
philosopher. He was qualified in many science disciplines such: logic,
medicine, sociology, and posterior analysis of Aristotle. Through his
works, Al-Farabi
became well known among the Muslim community in Middle East as well as the
West. Community
of scholars of the Middle Ages named him honorific title: “second teacher”,
for his adherence to the teaching of Aristotle: “the first teacher”. Al-Farabi
worked in Bagdad where he spent most of his live writing and teaching.
Ibnu Rushd (1126-1198) born in Cordoba Spain and and died in
Marrakesh, Marocco. He was the son of Andalusian soil, and a Muslim with a variety
of discipline covering: Aristotelian philosophy, Islamic philosophy, Islamic
theology, Al-Maliki law along with its jurisprudence, logic, psychology, politics,
and classic theory of Andalusian music, medicine, astronomy, geography,
mathematics, not excluding the mechanic of celestial bodies. Ibnu Rushd was the
man who laid foundation of the “secular philosophy”, now widely accepted in
the European continent. He was also the true defender of the Aristotelian
philosophy, although being on the apposite side with the theology developed by
Al-Ashari supported by Imam Al-Ghazali.
From Andalusian soil, now called Spain, the work of
philosophy developed by the Arabian scholars later been translated into Hebrew
and Greek, to be carried to European soil for the development modern philosophy
on that continent. Among the Arabian
philosophers, there was a Jewish named Maimodes also lived and worked in the Spain
community of Muslim, also took part in the translation from the Arabian
language.
Also belong to the community of Muslim scholar at the time,
was Ibnu Khaldun from Andalusia born in Tunisia. He laid the foundation of
sociology and historiography, became another prominent Arabian scholar, and
introduced himself not as philosopher, but rather only kalam (science) writer.
In
European medieval period, from the
5th to the 15th century, the collapse
of the Roman Empire, and cessation of Latin Western Church lead by bishop
of Rome, from Eastern Orthodox
Churches headed by the patriarch of Constantinople in the year 451 have gone from the public memory, not
excluding the literacy to write and read manuscripts written in Greek by European
people at large.
With the reintroduction Greek philosophy back into Europe from
the translation of Arabian manuscripts into Hebrew and Greek with notes and explanation
made by Arabian scholars, a leap in philosophy had happened. This made great influence
to rebirth of philosophy in European continent at the time, and its effect went
far into renaissance, a period of time between 14th to the 17th century, which was considered a period of time in history bridging Middle
Ages with the modern history.
2. Islamic Philosophy in South East Asia
After the emergence in the peninsula of Arabia then spread
over Middle East, the Islamic religion later expanded to Asia, not excluding
the South East Asia carried by the mubaligh (Islamic preacher) and Islamic
merchant and trader. They came from places, such: Mecca, other from Gujarat in
India, the rest from Persia as well as other places. Then appeared Islamic
Kingdom in the South East Asia with the Islamic institutions like: government,
education, a religious way of live, poetry writing, artistic, not excluding
economic.
At time when Ibn Battuta (1304–1368), a Maroccan traveler paid visit to a country named: Samudera Pasai
Sultanate in the South East Asian region in
1345, he met a solemn King from the Al-Shafi’i mazhab (Islamic law dotrine) was
ruling the country.
The Sultanate established by Meurah Silu in 1267 located on
the north Perlak, now area of Lhok Seumawe (east cost of Aceh), adjacent directly
to the strait Malacca; governed the country until 1297. The Sultan later
converted to Islam called in Arabic as Malik ul-Saleh or Sultan as-Saleh. It was then clear, that the school of thought of Imam
Al-Shafi’i supported by Imam Al-Ghazali already been spread over South East
Asian region on entering the 13 th century.
The Wealth of Nation
a. Free Economic
System, or Liberal Economic
During the
mercantile time in England, anybody allowed to do various businesses to make
a living, beginning producing commodities as well as doing services, or both,
to serve the public request. Both sold in various markets everywhere. Then raise
competition among commodity and service providers or both by invisible hands,
for product and service prices as well as quality for an agreed quantity product
or service or both, in a contracted trade delivery time. The earning of entrepreneur depends on the amount of
commodity or service or both sold within a year. The government only acts as
supervisor and administrator, did not involved with the production of commodity
and service, but did provide business place with rules and equal environment on
economic, social, cultural, politics, equal for all for the collected tax given.
Entering
the renaissance in Europe, back by philosophy and various knowledge processed
by the Arabs carried Middle East, the thinking base of European intellectuals
has been developed to such as extent and allow them create applied trade in
that part of the world.
This could
be seen with the emergence of “scientific analysis” with the development of
steam engine, was pioneered by Thomas Savery (1650-1715) from England who first
introduced water- pump having steam in a vessel cooled by a spray of water. Thomas
Newcoamen (1664-1729) his fellowman then improved his invention, who replaced
vessel with a cylinder with a moving piston inside. James Watt (1736-1819) another
fellowman, took the opportunity to introduce the first “mechanical power
source” in the world making used the invention his two early countrymen
converting the “potential energy” of steam pressure into mechanical energy of
rotation in demand of various industry at the time.
The three
Englishmen had touched the first “technology domino” in the world, introducing
the genuine natural energy, engineered by the intelligence of human mind, then
midwifed the birth of “industrial revolution” on this blue planet beginning
from Europe more than two centuries ago.
The scientific
analysis acquired by several Europe countries at the time, being broaden its
scope to cover not only to application
source of mechanical energy and a variety industries being born ever since. The analysis was also use cover
other areas, such: politics, social, and other; and culminating at the
discussion of the “wealth of nation” on earth forwarded by Adam Smith from Scotland.
But in
fact, the broadening of scientific analysis in the “mercantile economic
system” turn the latter into a “capitalistic economic system” in England, as
well as a number other European countries at the time, later known as “capitalism”
ammunition by rapid progress of research on science and technological
development ever since the brook out of industrial revolution in European continent.
Adam Smith
also continued with his analysis enhancing the world condition and raised
question: could industrialization improve the live of all human being as seen
from life expectancy, a shorter work live in industry, and free child and
elderly from obligation to do work to make a living?
Right from
the early time, capitalism quickly spread over the European continent backed
by the progress of science researches and their accumulation
on that part of the world as well as the developments of various technology. Automobile
quickly replaced wagon pulled by tame animal like horse etc. on roads in
various countries beginning from Europe, and spread to North America, then
Japan, as well as other part of the world.
Railway
driven by steam locomotives burning coal been introduced in a number European
country to carry goods as well as passenger, later exported to another country
on the other continent including Asia, for the unit “cost of transport” of
passenger or goods was found so cheap.
Water
transport driven by steam engine burning coal also follow suit from: canal,
rive, lake, sea, and ocean, for its reliability compared with sailing vessels
driven by wind. Later be replaced with diesel engine for easy handling, because
it just burn liquid fuel.
The
success of Wright Brothers from United States of America with their experiments,
give birth “transportation through the earth atmosphere”, popularly known as
“air transport”, to move passenger and goods across islands and continents.
Beside so many
industry and the various mean of transport been mentioned as product of human mind intelligence, there still
uncountable number of industries including their variety have appeared on earth
surface since the outbreak of industrial revolution on earth. Some of them may
be elaborated and among them: cement plants, metal working plant and industries,
coal mines, mines of various metal, oil drilling with respective refinery from built
on land to offshore, plastic industry, building industry, chemical industry,
paper industry, food packaging industry, and still many more.
In the
course of time, capitalism developed into “imperialism”, because in due time the
system gained more land area on earth surface converted into occupied territory,
or colony. Colonialism later impacted
the world with the acquisition of fertile lands in: Latin America, Caribian,
Africa, Asia including South East Asia, Australia, and Oceania, for conversion
into various plantation of variety culture of high economic advantage, such as:
rubber for tire, palm tree for cooking oil, tobacco for cigarette, sugar cane
for sugar, and many others. The mining of coal, petroleum, and other natural
resources from colonies around the world are for the purpose to supply
industries developed in Europe, North America, and Japan, which are hunger of
raw material and thirsty of fuel and lubricating oil deep into the last 20th
century.
From the
beginning of industrial revolution, capitalism had established various
industries from light to heavy industry in a number of countries in that par of
the world. As a consequence, the flow of matter (thing) from the belly of earth
to its surface, such: fuel (coal, petroleum, and gas) including the various
mineral (mineral for making iron and steel), copper, aluminum, pure metal,
etc.); and also many others.
These
minerals are needed by countries producing various commodity, and infrastructures, the means of transportation:
on land, on water, and in the air; civilian and military providers of equipments, many more required by societies
as well as government from local inquiry up to global demand.
So do industries
supplying canned foods and drinks, textile, agricultural machinery, animal
husbandry, fishery, and many others. The migration of matter (thing) from the
belly of earth to its surface commence as early as the industrial revolution
brook out more than two centuries ago, continues until today, further will be
named as “the flow of matter”.
After mastering
the production of commodity and services for a given price, quality, and
quantity in a contractual trade time of delivery; the problem faced by
capitalism on earth surface nowadays, are. First waste gases from combustion of
fuel (solid, liquid, gases) continuously expelled to blue planet’s atmosphere
by the means of transportation: on land, on water, and through the air. Second polluted-water
drained to water-body’s environment (sewage, pond, river, lake, sea and ocean)
by various industry and other economic activities, not excluding household in
villages, towns, and cities, small and big, around the world, polluting
drinking water as well as foodstuff raising various health disorder to
community members varies from physical to psychic (mental).
Third,
solid-waste from the various mean of transport (on land, on water, in the air)
built by various industries having useful economic live has ended. Also same
for the various other industry, mining, installation of drilling rig from land
to offshore, etc.; scraps of computers and electronic equipment, scraps of digital
technology and gadgets, etc.; also
household articles no longer in use then left behind. These scraps occupy an ever
increase space on earth surface.
Right from
early of industrial revolution, the three category of wastes coming from the
flow of matter (thing) leaving the earth belly migrating to its surface that
never end, still continuously flowing until today.
Now the
flow of matter (thing) leaving the earth belly migrating to its surface
increasing its quantity measured in “million metric ton”, in correspondence with
the world population increase, and their activity as well as creativity, much
like a snow ball rolling down the Alps mount slope in Europe during winter.
Bare in
mind, capitalism now dominates the world economy as well as in control.
Capitalists are competing acquiring mineral resources of value extracted from the
earth belly (matter), either available in their homeland or coming from outside
the country, causing the blue planet’s ecosystem is not easy to maintain the
natural gift as well as protect its sustainability.
Of course,
capitalism has so many experience producing various industrial commodities as
well as services back by quality of human resources developed since the
outbreak of industrial revolution as well as the global financing. As a
consequence, the environment of human being and other living thing on earth
surface, especially in the third world where supervision to over exploitation
of mineral resources and fauna flora along with the biodiversity riches of
nature; to fulfill current hunger and thirst of world market on commodities and
services.
Now capitalism has to look for ways,
in order “the flow of matter” (thing) from earth belly migrating to its surface
no longer end up in the form of: 1. waste-gases polluting air in the atmosphere,
2. polluted-water coming from the use of precious fresh-water, 3. scraps of
various industrial and non-industrial products littered everywhere on earth
surface.
There should be a way out, in order “the
flow of matter” (thing) from the depth of earth to the surface no longer turn
into polluter: common, dangerous, and extremely dangerous to any living thing. Getting
rid of pollutant got into human body with daily routines such: drinking,
eating, breathing, and daily activities, undesirable physical disorder as well
as psychical impact can be avoid. The physical disorder involved the abnormal
function of inner organ and limbs. The
psychical impacts involve among other a strange in behavior, unable to think, as
well as loss of memory with ease, and so on.
For point
1, billion of means of transports beginning from: vehicles on land surface,
various ships over waters, and many kind aircraft trough the air; all spewed
million metric tons each year exhaust gases into the atmosphere of blue planet
causing air being polluted. Also uncountable number industries of various kind been
established since the outbreak of industrial revolution more than to centuries
ago.
A brilliant
idea got thumb up, for problem facing capitalism, what is now being seriously tested
in some country is the implementation of hydrogen as fuel. It is also about
about the “migration” from “fossil-fuel economy” into “hydrogen-fuel economy”
to clear air in earth atmosphere from waste-gases burning fossil fuels, because
the burning of hydrogen in the engine cylinder as well as fuel cells only water
vapor.
The idea
raised by John Bockris from the Technical Division of General Motors in a seminar
in last 1970. Than on October 10, 1997, Richard Daley, the mayor of Chicago
with his colleges ride in a bus run by hidrigen fuel, the chemical element of
periodic table abundant on earth surface, extracted from natural gas by
chemical process. A fuel cell will convert hydrogen into “electrical energy”
and “water” with oxygen coming from the air without combustion, then introduced
by the Ballard Power Systems (BPS) from Vancover. Later it is unveiled that energy
conversion by way of fuel cells three times more efficient than ICE burning
fossil fuels.
How the
efficiency of pair of fuel cells with electric motor better than ICE came
about. Imagine an ICE; as soon as ignition of fuel-air mixture took place, a
high temperature gas with pressure occurs instantly. From the TDC (top dead
center) heat radiated to dissipate in all directions. Only the heat in the course
of piston moving down truly converted into motion, while the rest taken out by:
radiation, cooling water, and exhaust gases; and constitute the 75% amount of heat
wasted by an ICE. That is why the efficiency an ICE lies only around the figure
of 25 %.
On the
other hand, pair of fuel cells with electric motor without combustion turned the
equivalent “heat of combustion” 100% right into electricity by chemical means. When
electricity converted into motion, heat liberated inside conductor due to the flow
of current making total loss of heat of about
25 % in value. The remaining 75% still in electricity, which is why a pair of
fuel cells with electric motor three times more efficient than an ICE.
Electricity
created in fuel cells been sent to electric motor causing the BPS bus to run. The
latter exhaust gases just unpolluted water vapor turned into water. The mayor
seep a glass of water taken from the bus tail pipe and commented: “not bad”. The
BPS bus reached speed up to 80 km/hour and traveled a distance up to 400 km in
a fully charged hydrogen fuel.
For
point 2, fresh-water turned into polluted-water were drained into water-bodies (seweges,
ponds, rivers, lakes, seas, and oceans) around the globe from households in
villages, cities from small to big, various industry from small to large,
various type of transport, mining, oil drilling with the refinery, and many others. To get rid of polluted-water, Water
Treatment Plant (WTP) has to be introduced retrieve the fresh-water back from the
polluted-water.
Only
fresh-water been allowed to be drained into water-bodies across the blue planet
whatever its form. MN had done it million of years to drop rain out of fresh-water
on earth surface. MN has shown how to get fresh-water by separating the various
pollutant from polluted-water with “evaporation”, making use “heat” coming from
the sun; then accumulated into clouds over the earth surface, and after being distributed
by wind, been drained back to earth surface as rain.
Now
it is time to educate the world population to develope, built, and use mini-WTP
for the household from the villages, medium-WTP for cities and industries along
with business of medium scale, as well as large-WTP and giant-WTP for metropolis
and industrial complexes across the globe. By this way only fresh-water is
allowed been drained to earth environments around the world to heed the
teaching of MN that had been done for so long.
Bearing
in mind more than 70% the weight of human being, and majority of living thing
made of water; making the susceptible with the quality of water consumed,
especially polluted water, because if a portion of such water got into the body
by way of: drinking, eating, activities, an unwanted effect: physical or
psychical might happened.
After
industrial revolution came to surface, the world experience acid rain in
Europe, North America, as well as Asia. The smokes from chimneys of steam power
stations burning coals in fact contain sulfur. The sulfur mixture with water making
leafs of nearby wood got soaked with the acid rain to dry and die. Other water-body contamination came from oil
spill during drilling either from onshore and offshore drilling. Another
disaster incurred by oil tanker unwanted collision with coral reefs.
For
point 3, scraps of various means of transport (vehicles, ships, airplanes, military
machines, and others), also ruins of steel constructions including mines from land to offshore and still many others.
Entering
current milenniun, also come up mountains electronic equipments (computers,
smart phones, tablets, and others) that turn into scraps. To get rid of this mountains
of electronic and digital technology which were left behind littered by
users everywhere, it is necessary to built
“spinning reserve” of various raw material needed by many industries to produce
commodity or products from the small size to the gigantic scale.
The
“spinning reserve”, shortened SR, is what later came been called: Bank of Raw
Material and abbreviated BoRM. As has been found in the real live, NLT introduced a “system
of predator” to take care of waste, and institute a food chain system to get rid of “dead bodies”
after been left behind by the soul, in order human living environment can be free from life remains.
In
correspondence with example given by NLT aforementioned, upon the various
commodities or products introduced by technology established by human being,
what ever it was, similar approach can also be applied to the various industrial products with
the economic value came to end, and be recycled again to get the precious raw materials back into
stock.
That
is why capitalism has to establish a variety Predator Industries (PI) on the blue
planet, work as a food chain, to recycle the various industrial commodities or
products with the economic value already come to an end. All PI will feed the raw
materials back into BoRM, but now coming from urban mining instead of rural mining,
such: steel, copper, aluminum, and others, to be stored back into SR.
Every
PI will produce one or more the raw materials required by industries
manufacturing various products in demand by the market, beginning from home industry
in villages to heavy industry in the cities as well as the industrial parks. Having
BoRM in strategic location around the globe, various industries and other
businesses can easily buy raw material from the nearby SR from own country or neighbor
country for economy. In the future, rural mining of various raw materials must
be limited to only cover the “short of stock” in BoRM with a stringent
supervision.
With
the provision of raw material coming from BoRM or SR for the various industries
in the future, the ecosystem on earth surface that has been protected as a world
heritage can no longer be ruined by the irresponsible person been
done so far in the third world. In this way, blue planet, the single extraordinary celestial body
in this Universe can be saved for the next generation, now known to have 4.6 Billion years old.
b. Guided Economic
System
Marxism started
as reaction to the emergence of industrial revolution in Europe. According to Karl
Marx (1818-1883), industrialization will divided societies into a group of the bourgeoisie,
a people who own the various means of production from land to factories of very
small number, and large number of proletariat who does the various job with the
means of productions owned by the bourgeoisie.
Marx saw industrialization
as a logical dialectic of the feudal economic executor to get perfect
capitalism, and the latter was introduction to communism. In socialism, all
means of production of all business belong to the socialistic country, been
managed by the communism government under the Marxism and Leninism ideology.
All people
must work for the country, giving all effort to one’s ability, and get from the
country according to one’s need. It would be wrong for the moral of communism
if someone run a business, either producing commodities or services, then employ
a fellowman, and pay him/her a good salary in return at the end of the month.
This practice was considered to be “exploitation of a man by another man in
one’s own country”, which by then was considered immoral.
After the Marx,
his followers split into two. One group developed in Germany and refused the
France revolution (1789-1799), cost the life of King Louis XVI in Paris,
causing terrors were spreading in the country, worsening the live of people everywhere
ever since; and try to look for peaceful means to improve the lives of working
people in Europe by reformation.
Other
group named the K. Kautsky follower, then lead by W. I. Lenin, repeated the
France revolution 128 years earlier. Now to topple the Tsar Nikolas II from his
throne with a bloody Bolshevik revolution carried out by the Red Bear proletariat
in Russian capital, then Petrograd, on the November 7, 1917; with the King and
his family being separated in Ekaterinburg in Siberia.
Lenin successfully
established a dictator-proletariat government in Russia with the Bolsheviks, having
a single communist party controlling the nation without any opposition of
whatsoever against the ruling
government. Tsar of Russia was then busy developing “capitalistic economy
system” responsible for the wealth of every Russian, as being done by other
country in Europe at the time. With the success of Bolshevik revolution in Russia,
it had be turned into a “socialistic economic system”, later popularly known as
“socialism”, the first of its kind in the world to follow the Marx theory.
The
country been renamed Sovyet-Union, which means a union of federation of states.
The capitalistic economic system of the Tsar Nicolas II responsible for the
wealth of his people, been replaced by the socialistic economic system in the
country. Latter economic system then also been spread to all corner of the
world. And after World War II, must be adopted by all countries later known belong
to the satellite of the Sovyet-Union; also not excluding member of a Third
World as well as member of Non Block countries willing to taste sweetness of the
socialistic economic system for gaining wealth of people in the future.
At time,
when the Red Bear country plunged into a heavy political turmoil, Michail
Gorbachov as the president of the Sovyet-Union allow “general election”been conducted
in the country, the only election ever been done in Russia after the fall of
Tsar Nicolas II from throne. The winner in democratic general election in Russian Soviet Federation Socialist Republic (RSFSR) on March 26, 1989, was B. N. Boris Yeltsin; and
became the first President of RSFSR, although he had declared himself no longer
member of the Sovyet-Union communist party of Red Bear country.
After more
than seven decades in power ruling Sovyet-Union, the “socialistic economic
system” or popularly called “socialism” proved fail to fulfill the expectation of
many Russian. The system cannot elevate the wealth of common people across the vast
country. The ideology was already worn out, and to fool sons and daughters of
the soil with the indoctrination of communist orthodoxy, instead of urging them
be smart and intelligent; prevented the individual freedom to spring up, and against
the human rights.
Although
country in crisis, the Sovyet-Union remain one of world’s super power, leader
of the East Block, then by itself disintegrate from earth and became history.
In its place, some countries emerged, one of which was the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) led by B. N. Boris Yeltsin, became a democratic
country again. Latter accepted back the “capitalistic economic system”
responsible for the wealth of Russian people formerly laid down by Tsar Nicolas
II, to get the country economic system back in order ever since been tattered.
Although the
Sovyet-Union survived 72 years, from 1917 until 1989, then trying hard to prove
that “socialism” leading to “communism” will persists on earth surface as taught
by the orthodox communist ideology, but in reality it failed.
Socialism
did not have superiority whatsoever over capitalism in various field involving
science and technology, especially their application to improve the well being
of Russian citizen. In comparison with the German and Japan, both being bombarded
and heavily damaged in second World War, later came up as the second and third
world’ s economic power after the United States of America, while almost at the
same period Sovyet-Union turned into history.
Superpower
of the Eastern Block challenging superpower of the Western Blok was unsteady when
dealing with Chernobyl disaster happened on April 26, 1986. Assistance getting
rid of nuclear fallout came mostly from the capitalistic countries instead of satellites
countries of common ideology. Expertise on nuclear technology to overcome radioactive
radiation also arrived from the non-socialist nation. Baring in mind, at time
of disaster “cold war” between West-Block and Eastern-Block was not yet over.
Socialism
did not have any solutions to: waste-gases expelled to atmosphere around the
world, polluted-water drained to earth’s water bodies across the globe, as well
as scraps of metals from produtct or commodity. The latter littered elsewhere
on the earth surface: from households to various industries, including mines in
the rural, etc.; the capitalism was facing ever since the outbreak of the industrial
revolution in Europe.
After the
fall of Sovyet-Union, people at large then had the opportunity to know news
over mismanagement of environment and ecosystem
damage in countries with socialistic economy system, ever since known to be: the
iron curtain.
Same
mismanagement were also unveiled in the Red Bear satellites countries, due to long
time isolation from the open world for ideological reason. The socialistic
economic system was the lack effort to develop environment concern and issues.
Some of the non-block countries were trying to accept the socialistic economic
system for their countries, due trauma of the colonial times, and fell into
bureaucratic handling of things including environment causing unavoidable loss of
the precious natural resources. Then non-block countries discard the
inefficient socialistic economic system, and returned “capitalistic economic
system” of widely accepted, but managed by a democratic government.
c. Romantic Economic
System
Industrial revolution was emerged in Europe, spread to North
America, then Japan, and the rest of the world, received fierce resistance from
its opposition in the country of origin, by some circles among them: writer, community
of intellectual, poet, artist, artisan, and others. The group of people apposing
the emergence of industrial revolution driven by business people and the entrepreneur
in Europe at the time got a name: the romantics.
The romantic
voiced their thought and concern over impact of industrial revolution on living
environment in their country by writing articles, reading poems, reading poems,
and others. Caricatures were been drawn
to show their dislike, and demonstrations were carried out along with theatrical
expression on main streets, and so on.
The
romantics wanted to keep harmonious relation between human being and the environment
where people spent their live at the time, and defended their right armored
with skill in arts and culture inherited by use of language. What the romantics
wanted, was the opposition with giant machines and large building beginning to rise
in their surroundings that time. “Dark Satanic Mills” written by William Blake,
and the novel “Frankenstein” was written by Marry Shelley, were some of the many
writings sending message to the world about their concern on science and
technology having two faces; the good and the bad.
The words spoken
and demonstration expressed were manifestations of the romantics to show dislike with industrial revolution. The
romantics never attempt to establish a country with a government responsible for
the wealth of its citizen, such: “capitalism” and the “socialism”. That is why there
was no description over “romantic economic system” responsible for the wealth
of its people were ever written, except the genuine desire to maintain the
ecosystem on earth surface that had been evolved so far.
Pollution on Earth Surface
Pollution
of earth surface is not a new issue. It already happen since thousands of years
coming from a variety of reason, like the eruption of volcano bursting smokes into
earth’s atmosphere, draining hot lava with stones, the flowing cold lava when
its rains, and so on.
There are
pollutions created by tsunami caused by earth’s continental plate movement causing
tsunami to happen. There are great flood caused by heavy rainfall on some part
of the earth caused by the global warming. Also regular flood on coastal region
when the sun and moon on to the same side of earth.
Natural
disaster do cause environment around places where people live on earth surface
be physically destroyed and contaminated with various chemical elements, from
common to dangerous, and very dangerous to the health of human and living
things, not to exclude the radioactive. The risk emerging from such a disaster
may involved lost of life, valuable belongings, rice fields, dry fields, and the environment around that cannot be exploited
any more used for a long stretch of time.
German and
Japan after the World War-II found destruction on environmental caused by the
heavy bombardments inflicted by the American ally. On the latter two atom bombs
were added been dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki killing many life. The last
two bombs causing not physical damage perse, but lenghty radioactive radiation
unseen by the eyes that threat the life of human being. Not long ago, already
in the third millennium, talks in media about radioactive leak to water
environment emerging from Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station in Japan still
reminding people about nuclear pollution to human surrounding.
The threat
to atmospheric environment blanketing blue planet was a disaster happened in
Bhopal, in the state of Madya Pradesh, India, causing thousands death. At night
December 2-3, 1984, “methyl
isocyanate” gas found leak to earth atmosphere from a chemical plant not far
from nearby slump dwelling. Thousands of dwellers were
found the next day, never to wake up in the morning anymore, because they were already
dead, poisoned by the inhalation poisonous gas.
In the
year 2008 alone, it is reported an amount of 29.000.000.000.000 metric-ton of carbon
dioxide (CO2) had been expelled into the atmosphere around the blue
planet to pollute the air. The dangerous gas came from various industries
producing commodities or products as well as services required by the earth’s
inhabitants, not excluding the various transport carrying people on land, on
water, and through the air, carrying goods and passengers for the talking year.
Acid rain
appeared in European continent caused by steam power plant generating
electricity burning solid fuel releasing smokes containing sulfur. Last
chemical element when mixed with water from the rain wetting leaves in nearby
woods turn them yellow and become dry then fall to the ground.
During the
Vietnam war, Uncle Sam country was trying hard to halt infiltration of
Vietcong crossing border between North Vietnam and South Vietnam by spreading certain
chemical element when mixed with rain water turned into yellow-rain. With the
yellow vegetation around the border will die causing the Vietcong got short supply
of food during the territorial crossing, but later were found that pregnant
women drinking water or eating food from the area contaminated by the yellow
rain, then gave birth to babies with abnormal limbs as well as other undesired
symptom.
In Sakura
country, a Minimata disease was once unveiled. The disease found due to
pollution effected by a chemical element in periodic table known: mercury. Rivers
were polluted with mercury been drain to sea causing fishes in the waters
around being contaminated with mercury in their bodies. Mothers who eat fish
caught from the contaminated waters give birth to an unhealthy baby, because element
remain in food if cooked, and get transferred into the body when eaten. Mercury
is one of such unfriendly element to human being, causing NLT programs alter or
mutate, making the abnormal birth of baby and others.
Same
element also polluted rivers in some part of Indonesia, where people mine the
gold in the upstream region and mercury used to separate precious metal from its
dirt. The pollutant coming from mine-waste drained into these rivers causing surface
of the rice field to harden, making uneasy
to replant the rice field for next harvest.
One of so
many example of radioactive pollution, what had caused Alexander Livinenko from
Russia died no long ago. According to the reported news, he had exposed to
radioactive Plutonium 210 (Po-210) emanating a continuous alpha radiation hided
by an irresponsible person.
One of the
research conducted by the University of Chicago, United States of America, had
shown the correlation between the level of pesticide in a living environment
with autism, as well as intellectual disability
(ID) of a new born baby in that surrounding. It seem, that a level of pesticide
pollution in a human environment may cause cold organic chemistry of NLT program
taking place in the baby’s body get disturbed.
Still many
other environmental pollution that can happen on earth surface done by human
hands, such the sinking of Exxon Valdez tanker in Prince William Sound, Alaska,
on March 24, 1989. The destined for Long Beach, California, United States of
America, all of a sudden collide with the Bligh reef on the way, causing 260,000
to 750,000 barrels of crude oil to spill, creating one of the worst
environmental disasters ever known by man so far.
Various pollutant
from human living environment on earth surface may get into human body, by
inhalation at time of breathing with human lungs, when air and waste-gases and
minute particles where taken inside. Second by the drinking of liquids and
eating foods of various kind containing pollutant of dangerous to health even poisonous.
The third by having activities in a dangerous environment for the most of one
live.
As already
mentioned previously, at beginning industrial revolution considered a blessing
to human being, with the various innovations making life on earth surface
became easy. Later, after more than two centuries time had elapsed, a “climate
change” was unveiled, wind gusting with very high velocity was found, columns
of high waves introducing disaster on water as well as over land were found,
etc. Muslim from every corner of the world then aware of a “warning” written Sūrah Ar-Rum, Verse 41, written in Al-Quran ul-Karim, about true “meaning” of the
the following words:
“Corruption
doth appear on land and sea because of (the evil) which man’s hands have done,
that He may make them taste a part of that which they have done, in order that
they may return”.
It seems
that the “warning” in Sūrah
Ar-Rum, Verse 41, is in force now working to do evil things on earth surface by
industrial revolution created by man. And, a taste a part of what they have
done, to injunction human being return back to the era, before a “great change” happened
on earth surface.
Industrial
revolution initiated with the innovation of “steam powered engine” introduced by
Thomas Savery (1650-1715) from England, Europe, then challenged to create a water-pump
for use in a mine. He invented a pump with a vessel pump, and patented it.
Thomas Newcomen (1664-1729), Savery’s fellowman, found a shortcoming in the pump,
and replaced the vessel with reciprocating piston in a cylinder also for the same
purpose. Later James Watt (1736-1819) also other fellowman capitalized both
invention took the opportunity to build a “rotating steam engine”, combining ideas
of both fellowmen for industrial use. The steam engine was in demand by the
country including the one being use to power the first railway transport
between Stockton and Darlington in England proposed by George Stephenson (1781-1848), use to drink water and burn solid
fuel called coal.
The steam
engine invented by James Watt was a “double-package” type, having scientific
name: External Combustion Engine, shorten ECE. The “first package” was
allocated to boil water to get steam pressure (potential-energy) in a vessel or
commonly called boiler by burning solid fuel outside, while the “second package”
comprising: piston, cylinder, and crankshaft, to convert the potential energy of
steam inside the boiler into mechanical energy demanded by various industry, like:
transport, factory, mining, etc. Coals then mined from below the earth surface from
tens to hundreds of meters in depth, while water was gathered from well or river
in nearby.
From Belgium
another European country, Jean Joseph Etienne Lenoir (1822-1900) in 1860
introduced a “single package” combustion engine later called Internal
Combustion Engine, shorten ICE; with jump
spark ignition. The fuel been used was
a liquid easily change into gas called benzene, chiefly obtained from coal. Due
to high pressure gas to push the piston down may be echieved right inside the
cylinder by ignition instantly, ICE did not require a boiler to get high
pressure gas in the place of the high pressure steam, then the Watt’s “double-package”
engine can be reduced into a “single-package” engine.
Consequently,
ICE need smaller space for same power, take little room inside a vehicle,
lighter, also cheaper. To get benzene for ICE, instead of extracting from coal,
crude oil known as petroleum must being drilled from the earth belly thousands
of meters in depth, to be processed in an oil refinery to get benzene. Two
years later in Germany, another European country, Nikolaus Otto introduced ICE
with carburetor and electric ignition,
called: gasoline engine. In 1900, his fellowman Rudolf Diesel also introduced ICE
with compression ignition called
bearing his name: a diesel engine.
Contrary to
Natural Live Technology (NLT) involving “heat converter” with low or body
temperature for living things introduced by Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful;
mankind from the early industrial revolution in Europe making use “heat
convertor” of inorganic chemistry with very high combustion temperature thousand
degrees of Centigrade, then be spread around the world. This high temperature
inorganic chemistry gave birth to the “Source of Mechanical Energy”, shorten SoME,
converting “heat” of very high temperature fuel combustion into “mechanical
energy”, in demand by industries comprising of: one ECE called: “steam engine”
and two ICE known to be: “gasoline-engine” and “diesel engine”.
A machine built
to convert “heat” into “motion” or mechanical rotation known: “Thermo Mechanical
Convertor”, shorten TMC, also called: “combustion engines”, because it burns fossil
fuel. Such a machine burn various fuels, like solid (coal), liquid, gaseous, by
way an inorganic chemistry, to liberate “heat” of a very high temperature
producing high pressure gas. Machines that were introduced by industrial
revolution in Europe to consist of: an ECE having a boiler for generating the high pressure steam by burning solid
fuel outside the cylinder, and ICE
burning liquid fuel or gas fuel right inside
the cylinder to generate high temperature and pressure gas, but without the
need of boiler and water at all. The “high pressure steam” or the “high
pressure gas” become the first element of new invention, while
cylinder along with rod and crankshaft become the second element of new invention, to introduce a “machine” or “source
of mechanical energy” that has altered human civilization around the world. It
was also the time when man be able to convert “heat” (thermal power) measured
in calorie/sec., into “mechanical power” comprising: “torque” in m-N with “angular
velocity” in rad/sec., to run industry and transportation ever since around the
globe.
The two elements
of invention can also to surface in various other communities of another
countries and on another part of the world, if respected people aware of the knowledge
and science that had been spread by Allah, the Beneficent, and the Merciful, across
the Universe in general, on earth surface in particular, like physics, mathematics,
and the others. Almost all people everywhere across the globe know, that water
gain pressure if heated, and combustive gas can explode if ignited, are truly a real a
fact. Paying attention to spiritual and religious perse in the course of
life, ignoring the importance of paying attention to mundanely live, it is not
possible for a community wherever they live to develop machines based on knowledge
and science to elevate the quality of life the human being on earth surface.
Already described in Sūrah Ar-Rad (The Thunder), Verse 11, and saying:
For him
are angels raged before him and behind him, who guard him by Allah command.3
Lo! Allah changeth not the condition of a folk until they (first) change
that which is in their hearts; and if Allah willeth misfortune for a folk,
there is not that can repel it, nor have they a defender beside Him.
3 This is taken by some commentators to refer to “him who
goeth freely in the day time” in the previous verse. In that case it would
read: “for whom are guards before him and behind him as if to guard against
Allah’s commandment”.
[Quote from the Glorious Qur’an, an explanatory translated by Mohammed
Marmaduke Pickthall. Islamic Book Trust, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2001]
Thermo-Mechanical
Convertor (TMC) introduced by the industrial revolution in Europe create the first Source of Mechanical Energy (SoME) independent
nature, and introduced motion to various industries around the world, an
intelligent invention, beginning from England in United Kingdom, followed by
Belgium, and completed by Germany. The invention lets the human civilization acquired
a terminology called: “mesin” (Indonesia), “engine” (English), and “maschine”
(German) for a SoME, then been spread to all corners of the world.
Although ECE
and ICE were so useful to industries right from the beginning of industrial revolution,
but the majority of “heat” liberated by combustion fuels measured in “calorie” was
wasted. Only a faction (minority) of “heat” from combustion of various fuel was
converted into motion (mechanic) running the various industries such as: land transport,
water transport, and air transport.
That is
why engines developed by the industrial revolution were all inefficient because
wasting most heat, because most of “calories” liberated from combustion of fuel
littered to environment rather than converted to motion. Translated into the fuel
consumption, most fuel thrown away littering the environment as compared with
the portion converted into motion.
As an
example, ECE driven locomotive pulling railway passenger carriages from
Jakarta to Surabaya consume about 10% of “heat” liberated by the combustion of coals
carried to destination, while the remaining 90% of “heat” thrown away to environment
to raise air temperature around. Translated into coal consumption, only 10%
coals by weight carried really required to carry the train to its destination,
while remaining 90% just thrown away littering the environment along the track.
Other example,
a motorbike or car run by ICE, dissipated 75% of the “heat” produced by the
combustion of gasoline into the environment just to raise air temperature
around, and about 25% of “heat” of fuel combustion really to carry the rider with
his/her motorbike or the driver with his/her car to destination. Translated
into fuel consumption, only about 25% of gasoline by weight or volume carried by
a motorbike or car required to carry motorbike with the rider or car with the
driver to destination, while the rest 75% thrown away to the environment littering
the road behind.
These are
the reason why, a motorbike, or car, or bus, or train, or ocean liner, or aircraft,
etc., run by ICE; also not to exclude the various factory and industry run by similar
engine, consume liquid fuel wastefully.
This is due to fact, only about 25% of “heat” generated by the combustion
of fuel such: gasoline, diesel fuel, and others, appear in the cylinders
instantly was worth to carry the passenger
with vehicle to destination; or do useful work in factory and industry, while
the remaining 75 % just thrown away to the environment heating the air around.
The
combusted fuel, either a portion of doing useful works or component just thrown
away to environment to raise air
temperature, coming from a vehicle, either traveling on land, on water, or through
the air, later known as a “carbon footprint” of a vehicle run by ECE and ICE. Carbon
footprint is that sort of pollution made bay the mean of transport introduced
by the industrial revolution to environment around the earth surface, measured
in “gram” for every kilometer traveled by a type of vehicle. Therefore a passenger
vehicle, whatever brand name, of various number of wheels run by ECE or ICE, that
burn: solid fuel, liquid fuel, or gaseous fuel, will pollute the earth
environment with “carbon footprint” measured in x gram/km. As an example, passenger car of a certain brand name, pollute
the earth surface with 185 gr/km.
The gas expelled
by ICE burning various liquid fuel: nitrogen (N2), water vapor (H2O),
carbon dioxide (CO2), although they are not poisonous, but the
last one contribute to earth global warming. Among gases unwelcome to earth
atmosphere: carbon mono-oxide (CO), hydrocarbon (CxHy),
and nitrogen-oxide (NOx).
Now, after
more than two centuries industrial revolution came into existence, the steam
engine, gasoline engine, and the diesel engine, remain inefficient as ever.
This is due to fact that many universities around the world encountering
difficult engine technology research and remain little progress was gained to save
the fuel consumption problem.
The carbon footprint now witnessed by the Chinese people
floating in the air over their big cities of the Bamboo Curtain country, such:
Beijing, Shanghai, and others and effect breathing of their citizen. Such a
threat will also come in Indonesia, if the natives unable to take steps in the planning
of country to get rid of problem threatening the nation.
The Man Made Volcano
There are three
categories of wastes polluting human living environment on earth surface coming
from “matters (materials)” emigrating from the earth’s belly to the surface affected
by the human activities. First, gases along with minute particles coming from the
combustion fuels for the production of goods (merchandises) and services, like in:
steel factory, machine industry, car industry, shipping industry, aeronautical industry,
transports, mines, refineries, oil drilling from on land to offshore, small and
big economic cooperative of various nature, and many others. All activity involving the use of millions of ECE
and ICE expelling gases with minute particles into the blue planet’s atmosphere
filled with air. Second, polluted-water been drained by various industries
producing goods and services mentioned earlier, including same water drained by
small and big cities around the world, drained into water bodies, such as:
canals, ponds, rivers, lakes, seas, that ended into oceans. Third, the various
industrial goods and merchandises having its economic useful live came to end became
scraps, like: cars, vehicles, trains, ships from river to oceans, the various aircraft,
a variety military equipments and munitions, computers, all kind smart phones with
various electronic gadgets, also refuse coming from town to cities around the world, etc.,
littered on earth surface. With the earth population around 7.000.000.000
people steadily on rising with time, the quantity of matter (material) emigrating
the earth’s belly to the surface in billion tonnes also on the rise with time.
a. Pollution of Earth Atmosphere
A motorbike
rider glanced fuel indicator and drove to nearby gas station. From the tank with
help of modern technology, liquid fuel been injected into the cylinder. After
being mixed with the air then being ignited. An explosion happened in the
cylinder, “heat” liberated, and a high pressure gases occurred in second to push
the “piston” down. With help of a pair of connecting rod with crankshaft, the
linear motion of a piston been converted into a rotary motion of axle. Then, a chain
be used to transfer rotary motion of the axle to the rear wheel, causing motorbike
to move. There must be many explosions to occur in the engine cylinder to get the
motorbike with its rider to destination. By the adjustment of cylinder volume,
from the dimensions to its number, and the right type of fuel, power developed by
the engine may be modified with ease to suite various type vehicle.
That was
how industrial revolution in Europe had innovated the Thermo Mechanical
Convertor (TMC) to develop a Source of Mechanical Energy (SoME) then, making
use very simple “physics” causing the human
civilization on earth surface across the globe drastically been changed for
more than two centuries until now. Moreover,
the innovation was motivated by water-pump
by chance introduced by Thomas Savery, then perfected by Thomas Newcomen with
another water-pump, causing James Watt got the opportunity to introduce the first
“double package” TMC for SoME known as MPL for use in industry; all of them came
from England, the United Kingdom. Then came up J.E. Lenoir from Belgium with the
idea of a “single package” TMC also for use SoME called ICE, for use in
industry. A well build “single-package” ICE is in fact a “heat generator of a controlled
explosion” burning fuel-air mixture right in the engine cylinders for
conversion into “mechanical energy” to run industries, like transport, factory,
etc. The opposite, is an “uncontrolled" explosion heat generator” built
carelessly also burning fuel-air mixture; and if ignited making a bomb to
explode, destroying everything around.
A
variety of industry later mushroomed on the earth surface, right from that historical
moment around the world introducing work opportunity to citizens in every
countries, to introduce the mean of transport of various kind: on land, on
water, and though the air; for civilian or military purposes, etc. And the culture
of traveling from going on foot or ride on animal back, or carriage drawn by
tame animal like: horse, buffalo, etc., across the world terminated, and been replaced by engine driven transport never ever
been imagined by people before.
Many
cultures in various region or sub-region of earth surface, so far isolated by long
distance opened, and came in contact causing conflicts with
the traditional culture, such: social, economic, politics, security, to surface
and flare up in various region of the world.
After
first explosion, engine the cylinder must to be cleaned prior to the next fuel injection
be mixed with air following to next ignition; also same with every explosion come
afterwards. The cleaning of engine cylinder
causing “combustion gas” been released to earth atmosphere blanketing the blue
planet, The combustion gas, also known as “exhaust gases” leaving engine
cylinder was first introduced by industrial revolution, and ever since on the rise
the quantity since then until today.
Now
the exhaust gases emanating from thousands, millions, billions, trillions, and even
more number of explotions take place in engine cylinders running so many transports
and various industries around the world. Because there is no technology to send
these unused gases back into earth’s
belly from where it came from, after some part or about 25%, of useful “heat” been
extracted for conversion into motion required by motorbike with its rider, or vehicle
with passengers; these gases with the rest 75% of “heat” been discharged into the
earth atmosphere.
The
combustion gas then turn into “waste gases” and expelled not just by various
transport: on land, on water, and through the air; but also by countless factory
and industry now in operation on earth and running: steam engine, gasoline
engine, and diesel engine, being used to produce goods (merchandises) and services, and
disposed into the earth atmosphere. The amount of waste-gases expelled by these
engines steadily on the rise proportional with engine number and engine size
also its operating schedule every day, scattered across continents and islands
the world over. In addition to pollution emerging from the fuel burning: solid,
liquid, and gaseous; there are also pollution coming from “additives” purposely
introduced to engine fuel and its lubricant. Addition of lead (Pb) to gasoline required
reduce engine knocking, while additive to lubricants to enhance engine
performance, but little attention paid to human health so far.
As
already been explained before, waste gases expelled into atmosphere around blue
planet, emerging from many industries, like transports, manufacturing, etc. The
annual amount of waste- gases already measured in “Trillion metric-ton”, depends
on: cylinder volume, number of cylinder, engine revolution, power generated by
each engine, number of ECE and ICE been put to operation continuously every day
in a year across the globe, producing goods and services across the blue planet.
Bear
in mind, the earth surface consists of land and water, has combine area of: 510
million km2. It said three quarter of air by weight in the
atmosphere blanketing the blue planet lies at 11.000 m (11 km) above sea level.
Mount Everest lies at 8.848 m above the sea level, while the highest point on
earth where people can live is at 5.500 m above sea level, and at this altitude human
lungs ability to gather oxygen from the surrounding air by volume been curtailed
to 50%. Then the mass of most air volume in the atmosphere blanketed blue planet
is: 5,610 Billion km3. With the average earth diameter: 12.740 km, the
earth volume been estimated to be about 1.082,148051226 Billion km3.
And ratio between the Volume of Air (VoA) in the atmosphere and the Volume of
Earth (VoE) in percentage gives:
VoA/VoE x 100% = 0.52%
From the given figure, it was found that the earth
atmosphere blanketed the blue planet is a thin layer of air, or be called a
“film of air”. Because it is so thin, it is so vulnerable to matter (material) migrating
from the earth belly to its surface introduced by industrial revolution.
To give a better
picture on vulnerability of air blanketing the blue planet, imagine a “big
ball” 100 m in diameter been put on
the center of a football stadium, to represent earth at a reduced dimension.
Then, get a short plastic ruler to touch it at right angle from one end of the ruler.
Then, most air mass in the atmosphere blanketing the “big ball” will read at 8.63
cm from the surface. Looking at the earth at reduced dimension from one corner
of the stadium, one may get the impression on how small the “air film” really
is, and convinced about its vulnerable to matters (materials) leaving the belly
migrating to its surface without end, the quantity of which rising consistently
with time, knowing no stop. But for whom, looking to the sky right from the same
corner of stadium will never be convinced, that matters (materials) leaving
earth belly migrating to its earth surface without stop, steadily rising with
time introduced by mankind, will ever harm the air in the earth atmosphere due
vastness of the sky above.
What will
judge these controversial points of views, depends on education background of every
viewer along with his/her reasoning ability of one was sitting in the stadium.
If air
film around blue planet be supposed to equivalent air inside a garage with all
door closed, in which a car with open windows and the engine still running.
Slowly but sure, the air in the garage will be polluted by the exhaust gases,
causing people inside the car been choked. For those who are sitting in the car
there is still a way out, if someone outside the garage knows what had happened
in his surrounding, and immediately open garage doors by force. For the human
being as well as other living thing living on earth surface similar help cannot
be expected.
b. The Pollution of Water Bodies
A variety
industry producing goods and services including transport, refinery, etc.,
households from small town to big cities across the world require clean-water for
their basic daily necessity. Clean-water after being involved in a process such:
mixing, screening, washing, cleansing, sediment, radiation, etc.; clean-water
turn into polluted-water or dirty-water, and cannot be used again, drained into
the surrounding water bodies.
Vast
amount of clean-water been used also by various mining, such: coal, petroleum, excavation
of precious mineral, etc.; right from: digging of ores, drilling of wells, required
transport, as well as the refinery and required packaging involve. Demand for
clean-water in these businesses steadily on the rise due to demand of energy,
various mineral, and metal ores in world market are increasing with time.
A problem
arises when the dirty-water or polluted-water from household, various businesses
and industry drained into water bodies, such: pond, canal, river, sea, and
ocean around the world. With the earth population steadily on the rise with
time, and the economic activities continuously spreading around the globe, the volume
of polluted-water steadily increase with time many fold.
Water the
largest constituent of matter in body of most living thing, like: human being,
animal, and plant; therefore polluted-water is dangerous to their health. This
is why a Water Purification Plant (WPP) and Water Treatment Plant (WTP) are required
to treat dirty-water or polluted-water back into clean-water or fresh-water.
Only clean water or drink water is allowed be drained to living environment, such:
pond, canal, river, sea, and ocean, anywhere across the world.
Having WPP
and WTP for use from household to various business and industry all earth dents
creating water bodies across the globe may be avoided from all kind pollution
coming from human activities in mundanely live, such as: household, business,
and industry making use large amount of clean-water of fresh-water.
c. The Pollution of Land Surface
Various industrial
product like various machinery, vehicles, trains, airplanes, ships from river to
ocean’ etc., when their economic value come to end turn into refuse called
waste or refuse. Same for house hold articles such: furniture, kitchen tools,
cars, motorbike, bicycle, etc. Various waste or refuse of industrial origin come
also from mines, such: coal mines, oil drilling and refinery, gold mines, ores
mines, etc., littered the earth surface on various part of the blue planet.
Entering the 21th large quantity of electronic and digital equipments
and gadgets, become the millennium waste to litter the land surface everywhere across
the blue planet.
The Eruption Made Volcano
From what
has been mentioned, gasoline before arrived at gas station was “crude oil” being
processed in a refinery. The crude oil before be processed in a refinery, was crude
oil in earth’s belly tausand of meter in depth. Gasoline ends up became “exhaust gases” expelled by ICE into earth atmosphere to turn
waste-gases polluting the air. Also same with clean-water been contaminated to became
“dirty-water” or water-waste. The
latter came from the manufacturing of a variety of product and services in
factories and industries, plants; as well as the extraction of natural
resources such: coal, oil, mineral ores, etc. Dirty water also came from the
cleaning of: cars, vehicles, locomotives and railway carriages, air-crafts,
ships; the cleansing of hospitals, etc.; and the like. Water-waste came also from
households on earth surface around the world, such: village, small town up to
big city; were mostly drain right into earth’s water body so far.
Finally all
sort of things, such as: cars, vehicles, locomotives along with its railway carriages,
various aircraft, a variety of ships from river to ocean, turn into metal of
various metal scraps or “solid-waste”. Also same worn out mines, like: coal,
oil and its refinery, various mines of ores, heavy machinery, variety drilling
installation, heavy equipment and transportation, processing plant, etc., with
their economic value already been to zero. Not to forget the “solid-waste” coming
from households of daily lives littered anywhere around the world.
From what
been elaborated previously, it was found matter (material) migrating from earth
its belly to the surface affected by man since outbreak of the industrial
revolution, truly ends up as: “waste-gases”, “waste-water”, and “solid-waste”. All wastes cannot be return back to where
they came from: after “heat” being extracted from the burning fuel; after
“clean water” been consumed by the various industry and service; after economic
benefit of various products and services came to end. All matter (material) migrating from the earth
belly now end up on earth surface polluting air in the earth atmosphere, water body
around the globe, and all land surfaces.
From what been
explained reminded people on the explosion of some kind volcano, a volcano introduced
by man. This is due to that fact, “waste-gases” been expelled into the earth’s atmosphere
is equivalent with smokes expelled by a volcano eruption. And the “water-waste“
was equivalent with the cold lava drained by a volcano eruption into its surrounding
area when it rains, much like Lapindo’s
mud volcano in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia. While “solid-waste” is
equivalent with the materials expelled by volcano eruption, like: ashes, sand,
and stone of various form and size.
With
emergence of industrial revolution, beginning in Europe more than two centuries
ago, then spread around the world, these three type of wastes it had been midwifed
ever since, may be said to be originated from the eruption of a Man Made
Volcano”, shorten MMV.
Please bare
in mind, volcanoes although their number are so many on earth surface, if erupted
will come to end after a length of time, and will again repeat eruption in
years or tens of years to come in the future. On the contrary with earth
volcano, MMV erupts every days along the year, and every year of a century, and
explodes continuously ever since the outbreak of industrial revolution, because
it knows no stop even for one second.
A Supposition
Considering the philosophy and science had been develop for so
long in Middle East, back by the vast trading among countries in that region. Also
various contacts from the many nations of the area for so long period of time, in
comparison with the rest of earth surface, a question may raised to mind then,
why “industrial revolution” did not start from that part of the world? One possible
reason might be, Middle East had been involved with very complicated political dealing
of various turmoil for centuries including religion causing the region to become
infertile ground for innovation as simple the one from England, United Kingdom,
to alter the face of world civilization then.
On the other hand,
Europe, particularly England in United Kingdom, although mostly remain “villages”
by then, still in peace far from the turmoil of Middle East type, back by well grounded intellectual applied knowledge
and a booming trade. By then the continent was a fertile land for the birth of new
invention such as the one introduced by Thomas Savery (1650-1715). He filled a vessel
with steam at atmospheric pressure, and suddenly cooled it with spray of water,
causing vacuum created in the vessel causing water to suck into the
vessel to fill it. He built the first “water pump” driven by a vacuum in the
world, and patented it. Thomas Newcomen (1664-1729), one of Savery fellowman found
a shortcoming of the pump, and introduce a water pump with cylinder and a moving
piston inside instead of a vessel, also driven by a vacuum. James Watt
(1736-1819), another Savery fellowman seized the opportunity to introduce what
was later known as “double package” steam engine: the first package destined for
building steam pressure called a boiler, and the second package for conversion “steam
energy” stored inside the boiler into motion or ”mechanical energy”. James Watt
made use the invention of both his fellowmen, the first “source of mechanical
energy” for use in industry, the first convertor in the world for conversion “heat”
into “mechanical energy”, popularly known as a “steam engine”.
From Belgium, Jean Joseph Etienne Lenoir (1822-1900) came up
with “single package” engine popularly called “combustion engine”, because it burning
an easily evaporated liquid fuel by a spark ignition, became the world lightest
source of mechanical energy for use in industry.
From Germany, Nikolaus Otto introduced the first “combustion
engine” with carburetor and electric ignition; the first in the world an easy
to use “gasoline engine” for industry. Later in 1900, Rudolf Diesel (1858-1913)
also from Germany introduced the first “compression ignition” engine with fuel
injection to burn liquid fuel, called “diesel engine”. A series of “technology card
domino” were tumbling down ever since TMC turned into SoME been unveiled by
industrial revolution in the world emerging from Europe more than two centuries
ago. From that historical moment, mankind became familiar with TMC and SoME were
then new, emerging from United Kingdom, followed by Belgium, and completed by
Germany; all introduce what was then called: “engine” in United Kingdom, “maschine”
in Germany, and “mesin” in Indonesia); then
spread to North America, later Japan, and later to all corner of the
world, including Indonesia.
After more than two centuries has elapsed, mankind later came
to aware, that SoME emerging from TMC was introduced by industrial revolution
in Europe, become the “main cause” of every pollution to human and other living thing environment
on earth surface, beginning: atmosphere, water bodies, and land surface. Scientist
from all over the world, from West to East, now beginning to evaluate the situation,
and try to find ways to overcome the negative effect of industrial revolution to human living
environment on earth surface, had been warned inside the message of: “Sūrah Ar-Rum, Verse 41”, of the Holy
Al-Quran.
The Atmospheric
Pollution
To
get rid air pollution enter earth atmosphere blanketed the blue planet by exhaust
gases expelled by the various industry along with transportation burning Fossil
Fuel, shorten FF, like: coal, gasoline, and natural gases, city dwellers concerned
from around the globe since outbreak of the industrial revolution. John Brockis
from the General Motors Technical Division in 1970, came up with the idea
burning “hydrogen gas” for fuel, or “Hydrogen Fuel”, shorten HF. Hydrogen is an
abundant chemical element that can be used to run industry and transport on
earth surface cleanly. Various countries can migrate run economy from the
burning of “fossil fuel” into burning of “hydrogen fuel” to get rid of air in the
atmosphere blanketed the blue planet been polluted, because the exhaust gases release
to earth environment by the latter only water vapor. With the blue planet
economy run by hydrogen, a portion of matter (material) emigrating from earth
belly to the surface causing air pollution since the outbreak of industrial
revolution being eliminated.
As
pioneer toward cleaning the earth atmosphere from using fossil fuel, came up several
Nordic countries, also from the outside of Middle East region. Leader of the Island
been inspired by John Bockris from the United States of America, and proclaim Island
to be the first country in the world to implement “hydrogen-powered economy”. To
get HF for use in the country, the neighbor of the North Pole rely on
electricity generated by the Geothermal Electric Power Station (GEPS) abundant
in the country, to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. Public transportation
powered by hydrogen fuel being tested in the capital Reykjavik, to be followed
by electric car driven by fuel cell consuming only hydrogen fuel.
Another Nordic country, also outside Middle East getting
busy with “hydrogen-powered economy” is Sweden. Instead of making use
geothermal, the latter country relied on electricity generated by the farming
of solar panel. The western region of the country has been prepared for the
development of a pollution free environment, especially the harbor and the SAAB
vehicle industry by using hydrogen as fuel.
Other
Nordic country not willing been left behind is Danemark. Nakskov, the mayor of
the island of Lolland established a cooperation between the fuel cell developer
called IRD, and an organization in the country known as: “Baltic Sea Solution”.
The latter is in fact the Danemark society itself, where group of people arrange
themselves to become community for testing the likelihood of fuel cell technology
getting along with hydrogen-powered economy” of the country; also preparing the
required facilities.
In
the South East Asia, Indonesia is also outside the Middle East region. With
vast natural resources like geothermal, even directly come from many active
volcanoes, and to farm solar cell right from earth equator, etc., should not be
left behind by the few Nordic countries.
Although Indonesia,
can no longer be a “pioneer” cleaning the earth atmosphere in the region, but
Indonesia with rich in human resources, and educated, has the opportunity to
become a “motor” of the hydrogen-powered economy of South East Asian region having
global impact, but the country choose another course. Although since December
30 1949, Indonesia already been a free country, and recognized by all countries
in the United Nation, called: “ The Republik Indonesia Serikat” (RIS), but right
from beginning, the country was experimenting with: “Guided Democracy”,
indoctrinating its citizen with: TUBAPI, scissoring Rupiah, and double devalue
the currency, causing the country’s economy to plunge into chaos. Then, the country
took another adventure called: “Pancasila Democracy”, indoctrinating people
with: BP7; and in 1997 Indonesia suddenly infected by economic crisis coming from
Thailand, causing Rupiah to spin out of control for along period of time, making the country’s economy recover latest
among all other neighbor that were infected by the crisis; before a “reformation”
came up in 1998 to save the country’s economy back on its feet.
As the result
of these adventures, Indonesia lost early development of social, economic, and
cultural, of precious value after World War-II more than half a century, far lagging
behind the South Korea destroyed in peninsula war, freed July 27, 1953. Also with
respect of the various neighbor countries, such: Malaysia freed in 1957,
Singapore freed in 1965, Brunai Darussalam freed in 1984; in a variety fields
of live, welfare of the people, as well as the human rights.
The History of Education
As has earlier
been mentioned, Islam came to Nusantara in South East Asian region brought
by mubalighs or the religious preachers as well as business traders. They then established
mosques and surau or pray house for the religious service, also as places for
teaching the new religion. “Madrasah” or Islamic Boarding School came up in many
regions of South East Asia not to exclude the nusantara. After the Indonesian
independence, madrasah being renamed “Pondok Pesantren”, and abbreviated: “Ponpes”.
The
subject taught in madrasah in the South East Asian region including Nusantara,
are mainly: Islamic religion, Islamic belief,
Islamic law, Islamic values, and so
forth, which are found in Al-Quran, in Hadis, and other Islamic books, by way
local language in Arabic writing. Since
then the “local tongue” and “bahasa Melayu” (Malay language) were written in
Arabic was born in the South East Asian region, well known by most learning
people.
On entering
20th century, the European colonialists, such as: United Kingdom,
France, and Dutch, who had already colonies in the South East Asian region, were
introducing new programs, popularly called ethical program four their colonies.
That was the reason why colonial powers wanted to introduce Western Education to
the natives living in their colonies to run a variety program.
In nusantara,
the Duch colonial power had introduced “Government School” for the “inlander”
or native people, later becaming “Sekolah Melayu”, or Malay School. The school intended
to bread human power from local origin to work in the government offices, teacher
for the Sekolah Melayu, administrator of various plantations, and many others, making
use of cheap labour from inhabitant of the colony.
The
subjects taught in Sekolah Melayu at the time, mainly: writing, reading,
counting, along with general know how. The teaching language been used are: “local
tongue” and “bahasa Melayu” in Latin Writing of Dutch choice. In such a way, the
local tongue and bahasa Melayu in Latin Writing were born in the region.
The Dutch colonial
government further developed the education it had introduced in nusantara further
into education system comprising: middle school and high school much like in
Europe, along with university in the island of Java. On the other hand, madrasah
and ponpes only followed education system available in Middle East region.
Although
western education system introduced by Dutch Government during colonial period
had evolved into “Sistim Pendidikan Nasional” (National Education System),
consisting: Sekolah Rakyat (Elementry School), Sekolah Menengah Pertama (First
Middle School), Sekolah Menengah Atas (Middle High School), and the University,
after the country acquired its independence. Also same with “madrasah” or “ponpes”,
with the introduction of subjects, like: science, business, economy,
management, applied science, and technology, national ideology, etc., into their
curriculum. But the “Sistim Pendidikan Nasional”, as an educational
system in Indonesia, due born in different historical background, remain to “show” diverse worldview among their alumnus. There remain in general public an “understanding”
about what is said: “ahli dzikir” (divinely oriented mind), and what is
called: “kaum intellektual“ (mundanely oriented mind), keep a distance
from each other ever since.
The Dynamic Source of Mechanical Energy
Universe is the greatest mechanical system known to men.
That is why living things on the blue planet, are part of the great mechanic
system. Every thing on the earth surface, live or dead, requires energy to get
to motion. Human, animal, and plant, exploiting “heat” derived from the combustion
of carbohydrate of low or body temperature generated in their body with “oxygen”
taken from the earth’s atmosphere, being processed in a group of muscles to create
motion inside the human as well as animal body. There are some “package” of TMC
turn into SoME that has been successfully develop by mankind on earth surface
until now, that is to say:
A. Heat of the Chemical Reaction
What the industrial
revolution developed in Europe previously, was SoME coming from the conversion
of “heat” of high temperature combustion fossil fuel into mechanical rotation, now
popularly called the TMC, was first introduced to the world by James Watt
(1736-1819) from England, United Kingdom, with “xy-package”. Here x = boiler
required to boil water to get a “high pressure steam”, or steam with a “potential
energy” by the combustion of solid fuel of various nature in or around the
boiler. While y = cylinder with a
moving piston inside along with connecting rod and a crankshaft, to convert the
“potential energy” of steam in the boiler into mechanical energy of rotary
motion.
Jean
Joseph Etienne Lenoir (1822-1900) from Belgium later introduced SoME, with “y-
package” only and spark ignition. Why latter package able to work, because
the high temperature and pressure gas pushing the piston down can be achieved
in second inside the cylinder just by igniting the mixture of benzene-vapor
with air right inside the engine cylinder, without the need of a boiler of any
kind.
The Lenoir
SoEM improved by Otto from Germany, with the introduction carburettor and spark
ignition, making “y-package” easier to
use by the customer. Rudolf Diesel, Otto fellowman, also introduced “y package” having compression ignition
burning liquid fuel injected directly into the engine cylinder. Latter engine
bear the name of its inventor: “Diesel Engine”.
B. SoME of the Chemical Reaction
The “xy-package” introduced by James Watt
(1736-1819), further developed later by changing cylinder along with piston, rod, and
crankshaft, with a steam turbine to drive electric generator. Steam-Electric Power Station (SEPS) emerged burning
fossil fuels (Solid, Liquid, Gas) been born in various countries around the world,
from developed to underdeveloped countries, to produce large amout of electicity
to run country’s economy.
The “y-package” introduced by Jean Joseph
Etienne Lenoir (1822-1900), also further developed later by changing cylinder along with piston, connecting rod,
and crankshaft, with a gas-turbine to drive electric generator. Gas Turbine
Power Station (GTPS) along with Combined-Cycle for Power Generation (CCPG) were
emerged to improve thermal efficiency, burning natural gas to support country’s economy in order grow even faster. This
is due the fact that GTPS and GGPG can be established within a short time to overcome
electricity shortage from the generation side.
The “y-package” also beneficial to develop a powerful
aircraft engines known: turbo-prop, torbo-jet, and turbo-fan engines, producing
high pull or thrust measured in ton-metric. Such engine are highly demand by
aircraft industries, and within a short period of time became the backbone of
national an international air transport of many countries around the world servicing
passenger and commodity transportation across islands, continents, and both, around
the world.
C. SoME of Chemical Element
Beside a portion
of “heat” been converted into motion, to become a Source of Mechanical Energy,
abbreviated SoME, to be equivalent with Thermo Mechanic Conversion, abbreviated
TMC, that had been introduced by industrial revolution implementing law of
physics. So also “electricity” may be converted into motion by same law of
physics, where SoME now be equivalent with Electro Mechanical Conversion (EMC).
The result “xy-package” again be applied,
but now: x = a chemical element
generating electric energy, and y = the
electric machine converting electricity into mechanical energy of rotation.
D. SoME of the Fuel Cell
Another SoME
from chemical element generating electricity fast came forward, was the one
introduced by John Bockris from the Technical Division of General Motors,
United States of America. From the “xy-package”,
x = fuel cells generating electricity
by consuming hydrogen gas without combustion of any kind, and y = electrical machine to convert
electricity into a mechanical energy of rotation.
E. Heat of a Nuclear Reaction
On September
26, 1905, Albert Einstein from the United States of America, publisized the famous
“theory of relativity” along with the well known equation: E = mc²
to the world. What Einstein wanted to tell people around the world the fact, that
“energy” may be achieved with a complete destruction or annihilation of “matter”,
or other way round. This also means that “matter” and “energy” interchangeable according
to Einstein equation.
With his
relativity theory, Einstein wanted to let people to know, that energy is
abundant on earth surface, there is no energy shortage on
the blue planet. The question raised at the time was how one could know about
it? An experiment had to be done, and as soon as possible. On August 16, 1945,
the first atom-bomb was tested by Manhattan Project in cooperation with the
American Army, in white sands Proving Ground, Jonada del Muerto, 56 km South East Socorro, in
New Mexico desert, successful.
In the year
1952, a hydrogen bomb was tested on Bikini Atoll
belong to
the Marshall Inland, comprising 23 islands in
the Pacific for the first time; and successful. The atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb did not get their “heat” from “chemical
reaction”: the combustion of fossil fuels known to mankind from the early industrial
revolution in Europe, but from what was later unveiled to be from the so called:
”nuclear-reaction”. The nuclear-reaction taking place in atom bomb called a nuclear
fission reaction, because the nucleus of the uranium be split up by a neutron
in the reaction process into two smaller elements, liberating enormous amount
of heat causing atom bomb to explode. While the nuclear reaction taking place in
a hydrogen-bomb called a nuclear fusion reaction, because two nucleus of lighter
isotopes of hydrogen being combined by the reaction process to create a new
element by the very high temperature of reaction process nearing the core of the
sun, liberating enormous amount of heat causing the latter bomb to explode.
One must
bear in mind, that a nuclear fission reaction emanates continuous radioactive
radiation dangerous to mankind, while a nuclear fusion emanate no such radioactive
radiation making it save for the mass production of electricity.
As a
result of the splitting of heavy uranium atom, or the combination two lighter
isotopes of hydrogen, a portion of atom “mass” involved been annihilated from
the universe, and directly turned into “heat”(calorie) following equation
introduced by Einstein.
According
to the theory of relativity forwarded by Albert Einstein, mankind around the
world now aware of the two sources of
“heat” on the earth surface: first the
heat of “chemical reaction” or the combustion of: fossil fuels, woods, refuse,
and so on; second the heat of “nuclear
reaction”. The latter came from fission of a heavy atom element like uranium, etc.,
and fusion of two lighter atom elements, like isotopes of hydrogen, and so on.
A chemical reaction does not cause any elements weight change after the reaction
process took place, but in nuclear reaction element weight happened after
reaction process has took place. In latter reaction, matter annihilated from
the universe be converted instantly into “heat (calorie)” according: E =
mc².
The heat
liberated by nuclear reaction gave birth to Nuclear Power Station of Fission Reaction
(NPSFiR) after World War II. From “xy-package”,
x = Pressure Water Reactor (PWR),
where “heat” is liberated by the fission
reaction of heavy element, like uranium, and so on; at the same time it boils
water to get high pressure steam. While y
= a pair of steam turbine generator to convert the potential energy of steam
pressure into electricity.
Lately, being
developed uranium-free NPSFiR, a thorium reactor in several countries no longer
emenates radioactive radiation to the environment. The thorium fuel
cycle has the advantages over uranium, because the resource is abundance on, superior
in physical and nuclear properties, good resistance to nuclear weapons
proliferation. Molten salt will take the place of
water as the primary
coolant of the reactor to get rid of the leakage.
Nuclear
Power Station of Fusion Reaction (NPSFuR) is now under construction in Cadarache, in Southern of France. From
“xy-package”, x = Tokamak, “heat” been liberated by fusion reaction out of two nucleus
of lighter hydrogen isotopes maintained against the wall by a strong magnetic
field; and heat been transferred to a boiler to get steam potential energy.
While y = a pair of steam turbine
generator to convert the potential energy of steam into electricity. The
thermal energy density released in “nuclear reaction” is much higher than the
thermal density released by fossil fuels in “chemical reaction”. The “energy density”
of a fuel per unit mass called the “specific energy” of that fuel. As an example:
uranium (breeder), it has a specific energy of 1,539,842,000 MJ/L, but gasoline
(petrol) has a specific density of only 32.4 MJ/L.
This is
the reason why the nuclear reaction, either fission or fusion, more powerful in
comparison with the chemical reaction known so far, were exhibited by the
explosion of atom bomb and hydrogen bomb
that fearing mankind around the world.
F. Cold Fusion Nuclear Reaction
From the Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann experiments
in 1989, a small community of researchers further to investigate the cold
fusion, now preferring the designation: Low-Energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR). The latter become the source of hot water to generate energy
potential of steam, to run generator to get electricity.
From “xy-package”, x = LENR producing the potential energy of steam, and y = a pair of steam turbine with
generator to generate electricity, much like a Steam-Electric Power Station. People
dream the coming of future Cold Fusion Reaction Element (CFRE) as a battery to
power: a motorcycle, vehicle, car, etc.; having its economic live fully in
correspondence with the battery, such: 5 year, 10 year, etc.; and being
recycled at the same time.
G. The Renewable Energy
a. The Solar Energy Farm
Another
sources of energy now been implemented in many countries to get rid of
atmospheric pollution around the world since the outbreak of industrial
revolution in Europe, is the implementation of renewable energy sources. One
example of renewable energy harnessed in several country around the world, is
sunlight directly converted into electricity by photovoltaic converters. From xy-package, x = sunlight directly coming from the sun, and y = the photovoltaic convertor. Photovoltaic Power Station (PPS) was born to cultivate light energy from
the sun, beginning from Europe, later spread to America, and Asia; from land to
offshore, in areas where sun shines the most of the days in a year. PPS
develop power from just 10 MW now already over 1000 MW in USA, with solar
panels scattered over a large park.
A family
harnessing sunlight from around the house from roof to the surrounding garden
can now suffice electricity for own consumption. It seems that family only require
electricity from the utility supply at night, if a battery installation to
store electrical energy has not been installed yet. If this family produce
electricity more than consumed during the day, the excess energy can be sold directly
to the utility, causing payment of electrical energy consumption from utility for
nighttime use been reduced.
b. The Wind Farm
Other
renewable energy anyone can easily to notice is the wind. From xy-package, x = the flow of air molecules emerging from the earth surface being
heated by the sun rays, and y =
propeller blades to convert the kinetic energy air particles into the mechanical
energy of rotation of an axle to drive an electrical generator, making use the
law of aerodynamic.
Wind farm
to harness wind energy beginning to emerge from Europe, spread into North
America, and Asia; from land to offshore, where wind blows most of the days in a year. A wind farm is a tall tower of about 30 meter
high, on top of which three or more propeller blades been installed to drive an
electrical generator. A wind farm may consist of a number, tens, hundreds, even
thousands towers with propeller driving electrical generators working in
parallel, to become as a wind farm Power Station.
c. The Solar Heat Farm
Heat from the
sun to reach earth surface belong to renewable energy, known as Solar Thermal
Energy (STE). Solaben is a Solar Power Station (SPS) of 200 MW now in service
in Spain. Desertec
is a proposed project to establish SPS of 100.000 MW for transmission to power
hungry Europe harnessing STE from: Morocco,
Jordan, Tunisia, Egypt, and Algeria in North
African desert for conversion into electricity.
What will be done in North Africa is to establish SEPS on the surface of earth with “heat” coming from the
sun. From xy-package, x = a boiler where water is heated to get
steam with high pressure having potential energy at the farm center surrounded
by thousands controllable mirrors, and y
= steam turbine driving electrical generator to convert steam potential energy
into electricity.
Each of
the thousands mirrors in the SPS, must be carefully adjusted from sunrise to sunset,
so the reflected heat from the sun with time will exactly be pointed to boiler
at a given height from ground at the farm center. As the consequence, boiler temperature
become very high making water inside boils violently producing stream pressure,
the latter been used to turn a pair of turbine generator; a Solar Power Station
is born.
d. Geothermal Electricity
Hot earth
or geothermal near to earth surface, or around mountainous region in a country, as
well as from active volcanoes, belong to renewable energy that can be converted
to electricity. What been done here is to establish a SEPS, but with “heat”
coming from the depth of earth. From xy-package,
x = a boiler where water is heated to
get steam with high pressure having potential energy of the system in use: dry steam, or flash steam, or binary cycle; and y = steam
turbine driving electrical generator to convert the steam potential energy into
electricity.
To get
steam with high pressure from the depth of earth, drilling is necessary to get the
steam with high pressure from the source. If steam with high pressure does not emerge
from the well after drilling been done, then fresh-water has to be injected
into the heat source get steam with the pressure right from its source; a
Geothermal Power Station (GPS) is born.
e. Hydro power Electricity
Renewable
energy widely used since the ancient times in various part of the world was the
power of water or hydro power. Hydro power generated on earth, because the sun heat
evaporates water to make clouds hanging in the sky. Winds carry these clouds to
every direction across the sky around the globe, when they cooled down on their
way fall back to earth as rains.
There are
two categories of hydro power derived from the falling rain: the “potential
energy”, due water gathered in a dented earth surface such as: basin, dam,
lake, rivers, and so on, at an elevation above sea level; and the “kinetic
energy” of drained water by the sloping river run.
The energy
of first category depends on Q.l
product, where Q (m3/sec.)
the amount of water drained in each second, while l (m) the height of falling water in
meter. The energy of rushing water depends on the Q.v3 with product, where Q as has been mentioned earlier,
while v (m/sec,) is the speed of
flowing water.
For the
first category of the xy-package, x = Q.l
product, and y = the water turbine in use
to convert the potential energy of water into mechanical energy of turbine to
turn an electric generator making use of hydrodynamic; a Hydroelectric Power
Station is born.
Depend on the
Q.l product, Hydroelectric Power
Stations may be classified into: “very high power”, “high power”, “medium power”,
“small power”, and “very small power”. The latter also called in Indonesia: “Mikrohidro”,
or Micro Hydro Power Station.
For the
second category the xy-package x = Q.v2 product, and y = the water turbine in use
to convert the kinetic energy of water into mechanical energy of pelton wheel turbine
to turn an electric generator making use hydrodynamic; Pelton Wheel Power
Station (PWPS) is born.
f. The Wave Power
Strong
wind blowing continuously over seas and oceans give rise water waves to run
along their surfaces that end up on their shores. The rolling and traveling sea
or ocean water toward their shores belong to renewable energy capable be
converted into electricity. Some countries, especially the developed countries,
already made use this energy to light up lighthouses as well as community of
people living and working in remote location or far off places not far from the
sea or ocean shore where utility power is not yet available.
From
the xy-package, x = the rolling and traveling water waves, and y = mechanical energy of convertor
making use of aerodynamic, or hydrodynamic, or both; a Wave Power Station (WPS)
is born.
g. The Tidal Power
Tidal power is the energy
inherent mainly with the orbital characteristics of the Earth-Moon system, and
to a lesser extent with the Earth-Sun system.
There are two energy category coming from the orbital characteristics Earth-Moon
and Earth-Sun systems: the kinetic energy and the potential energy. Stream turbines been used to harvest energy of moving water
to drive generator to get electricity;
while the potential energy be captured by land constrictions such as straits or
inlets that can create high velocities at specific sites having power turbine
turning electric generator to get electricity. These turbines can be
horizontal, vertical, open, or ducted, and typically placed near the bottom of
the water column. From the xy-package,
x = the kinetic or potential energy
of tidal water, and y = mechanical
energy of turbine making use of hydrodynamic; a Tidal Power Station (TPS) is
born.
h. The Power Undersea Current
The
under water current from the sea to ocean also belong to the renewable energy
capable for conversion into electricity. This kind of energy is keenly been
studied in developed countries for harvesting the world’s most green energy for
getting rid of atmospheric pollution. From the xy-package, x = Q.v2 product of speeding water
molecules at the bottom of the sea or ocean, and y = the water turbine been
use to convert the kinetic energy of under water current into mechanical energy
of water turbine to turn electrical generator using hydrodynamic; an Undersea
Current Power Station (UCPS) is born.
i. Sea Water Thermal Power
The sea or
ocean water temperature (thermal) difference of the surface and at some depth may
be exploited to generate electricity, also belong to renewable source of
energy. What been done here is to establish a sort of SEPS, but with “heat” emerging
from the sea or ocean water thermal difference. From the xy-package, x = the sea
or ocean water thermal difference, and y
= a low temperature steam turbine turning electrical generator; Ocean
Thermal Energy Power Station (OTEPS) is born.
j. Lightning Power
Lightning striking between clouds in the sky and from clouds to earth, are undoubtedly a truly very
large electrical power, because the voltage is very high measured in million volts
(V) and the current is high measured in thousands amps (A); can turn a big tree
into charcoal.
Bear in
mind lightning is also a thunder; and the difference: the first is what one see
with the eyes, while the second what one hear with the ear. Having such an
enormous voltage, a lightning can strike anywhere, between clouds if their
charges are the opposite, or from to clouds to earth as well.
Lightning
between clouds very difficult to catch, but the one striking to earth can be captured
to seize its electrical power. Various experiments has been conducted in developed
countries and as in Indonesia, to fish the lightning power by sending small
rocket having metallic tails attached to the proposed lightning core to get the
electrical energy.
Although lightning
power is extremely
short time, but application might worth be used to separate water into hydrogen and oxygen, heating water, and others. It is not
yen known when a Lightning Electric Power Station (LEPS) will be born.
Conclusion
From what has
been explained so far, it was later clear, that “heat” derived from chemical
reaction combustion fossil fuel like: solid, liquid, and gaseous, extracted
from the belly of earth by a varieous TMC
for SoME now billions number of packages across the globe, has become the
“prime cause” atmospheric air pollution blanketing the blue planet. Ever since
the outbreak of industrial revolution in Europe more than two centuries ago, TMC
for SoME package also got developed and steadily gain their number. The air
pollution got worsen with the “thermal efficiency” of TMC for SoME just around 25%,
with majority (75%) of “heat” littered to the environment to raise air temperature
around.
If biofuel
or biomass fuels being used to get “heat”, the pollution from sulfuric acid in
the atmosphere will be eliminated, but the thermal efficiency of TMC for SoME
remain the same. It seems that TMC for SoME burning fossil fuels must terminate
from use on earth surface to get rid air pollution in earth atmosphere from
combustion of fossil fuels.
On the
other hand, “chemical element” working with “electric motor” has bright future to
acts as Electro Mechanic Conversion (EMC) for SoME, because “chemical element”
has many choices with alternatives, and does not pollute air in the environment.
Same also
with “fuel cells” consuming hydrogen fuel working with “electric motor” to act
as EMC for SoME, delivering mechanical energy for industries including
transportation.
One must
note, electric motor has efficiency around 85%, more than three times of the
ICE. With the right development of “chemical elements” to work with “electric
motor”, it is now the right time to stop drilling well into the earth’s belly thousands
meter in depth to get oil. With EMC for SoME, chemical elements and electric
motor acquired from depth less than 100 meter.
On leading
young generation of people in South East Asian Region, as well as the young generation
on other part of the world, the TMC for SoME migration to embrace EMC for SoME with
“chemical element” as the prime source energy is necessary. A pilot project named:
Clean Energy For Earth, abbreviated CEFE, for future of mankind, must be started
from the village in a long marsh to cities around the globe.
Teenagers from
Mosques and Holy Houses of all belief available on earth surface must be encouraged
by the coaches of respective religion to research electrolyte of “natural
origin” with pair right electrodes of various metals to get
highest electric potential difference.
For
electrolyte these young generation will begin with juice coming from a variety of
plants that grows in the environment around their village; also juices from
leaves and tree stems. They do not forget liquids produced by various animals
and human being.
The coaches
will explain to teenagers what been meant: “electric potential” be harvested in
volt (V), as well as “current” that flow across bulb lighting brightly in
ampere (A). The two figures: “potential” and “current”, are the two factors in
electricity to determine the “power” developed in watt (W) by chemical elements
they build. To gain a higher potential these young folk may arrange elements in
series to make the lamp light brighter, while the current flows will depends on
the wattage of light bulb been use.
What been
done by young generation of Muslim as well as teenagers of other religious beliefs today is an early effort to research electrolyte
from the natural origin with the necessary metals to generate electricity with
high potential difference out of familiar thing in their surroundings.
Potential
and current are the two factors to generate electric power. With the electrolyte
from their own village and pair of metal with electric bulb bought in nearby
town; these teenagers are ready to switch kerosene lamps or palm oil lamps laid
on the floor blackened their noses on wake up in the morning, with clean
electric lamps. The electricity comes from chemical elements of their own make,
at times when the teenagers are sleeping together in wide living room.
Hopefully,
having curiosity been ignited in right from the village origin and from the
early age, some of them will become the real developer of various chemical
elements of large power capacity to save the earth atmosphere from the burning of
fossil fuels.
The “heat”
from nuclear reaction now been widely used by many countries, especially
develop countries mostly for conversion into electricity, for: industry,
transportation, public utility, and many other, despite still haunted by dangerous
radioactive leakage from the Nuclear Power Station Fission Reaction (NPSFiR) to
living environment.
On the
other hand, Nuclear Power Station Fusion Reaction (NPSFuR) has no worry of the
dangerous radioactivity leakage to living environment, still under construction
by some countries in the world. Many researches must be done to get rid of the
negative impact of NPSFiR to the living
environment earth surface in the future.
Electricity
generated by “cold fusion reaction” now has a prospect for future development
of SoME for vehicles of various kind that no longer pollute earth atmosphere.
Until now,
no one knows how many researches has to be done, also experiments executed, and
the evaluation of results, to find alternatives
to reduce the level of environmental pollution already existed on earth surface
since the outbreak of industrial revolution in Europe more than two centuries
ago. So do to eliminate the negative impact of the pollution that has happened on
the earth surface until now.
Now time has
arrived for young generation of Muslim in the South East Asian region and the rest
of the world a challenge to become a Caliph on earth, in joint venture with young
generation of other religious belief of the region. So also same for young generation
of the remaining world, to safeguard the blue planet (ME), only one across the
universe from the fallout of MMV eruption, knows no stop even for one second.
There should
be found from the richness of South East Asian natural resources with its
diversity the best: electrolyte, mineral of various metal, etc., necessary to establish
the effective chemical elements generating electricity for conversion into
mechanical energy by electric motors in demand by the various industry in the
region, including transportation: on land, on water, and trough the air.
The
renewable energy can always be harvested freely anywhere one like on earth
surface as long as the economic feasibility study and the social support for a
selected location on earth is right, because renewable energy does not burn any
fuel that may harm human living environment around the blue planet, especially
air in the atmosphere blanketing this earth.
Back to House of Allah
After more
than two centuries took place, people on earth came realize that the “industrial
revolution” has caused air temperature in the atmosphere that blanketing blue
planet to increase, creating a phenomenon called: climate change. The
phenomenon was undoubtedly caused by the flow of material (matter) from the belly
of earth to its surface done by man since the outbreak of industrial
revolution” knows no stop until today. The amount of material (matter) in
billion ton rising steadily each year, so do the diversity with time up to now.
People on
earth surface aware of the fact, the flow of this material (matter), has
created pollution worsen with time, but also bad effect to the ecosystem on
earth surface, know has effected on human health on various region on the
planet surface. That is why a “real action” be taken to root out the effect of environmental
pollution completely. The environment need be achieved is the one before industrial
revolution in Europe has started, even much better than that.
The house
of Allah for the Muslim, as well as Holy houses of other religions on earth
surfaces, that has been selected by His guidance, as already mentioned before,
become the front lines, where people at large have contact with His
representative on earth surface. For the Muslim they are dignitaries in the
Mosques, while for other religion they are dignitaries of respective Holy
houses; all of them already been chosen by Him.
That was
the reason a Mosque for Muslim been introduced by the prophet Muhammad SAW, so
do Holy houses been introduced by respected Messenger of each religion on
earth surface, until the end of time.
Now a question is raised, what “real action” that need be done?
For him
are angels ranged before him and behind him, who guard him by Allah command.3
Lo! Allah changed not the condition of a folk until they (first) change that
which is in their hearts; and if Allah willeth misfortune for a folk, there is
none that can repel it, nor have they a defender beside Him.
3
This is taken by some commentators to refer to “him who goeth freely in the
daytime” in the previous verse”. In that case it would read : “for whom are
guard before him and behind him as if to guard him against Allah’s
commandment”.
An Intermezzo
One night in
Jakarta, Al-Jazeera TV from Qatar launched a program on heart operation from a
known hospital in India. A country with majority of the people embrace Hindu
religion for more than 2500 years, introduced to the world unique culture and
tradition. That are reason why so many tourist and traveler from around the
globe got interest and pay visit to India to get to know about the culture and
tradition enjoying them; not to exclude medical tourism from various countries to
get a heart operation.
Prior a
heart operation taken place, patient with family been received by a company
lead by a Hindu priest along with doctors including staffs and medical care
unit involved. Serious operation took place presenting the country’s latest technology
on heart operation that looks simple. After the operation over, and a certain time
elapsed, the patient resume conscious.
When a question
raised, how hospital in the Mahatma Gandhi’s country become so famous with the heart operation over 5000 patient in a
year, Dr Devi Shetti who leads the hospital simply said, that he was inspired
by Mother Theresa, a Catholic nun from Hungry who spent most of her live working
in India helping unfortunate people.
The nun
once told him: “behind the fluent lips praying, there have to be also able hands
with trained fingers that do”.
What Need Be Done?
Industrial
revolution emerging in Europe more than two century, had aimed to alter the old
social system that no longer in correspondence with situation at the time, with
a new social system that is better.
A
revolution whatever it form, fall under a general rule, consists of: revoltare
and revolvere. A revoltare is a
part of revolution required to eliminate old social system no longer in correspondence
with live situation in a society, while revolvere is the part of a revolution to bring a new social system that truly
in corresponding with the situation.
The success of a revolution much depends on how a revolvere can replace the old social system
in the course of time to fulfill the wish of people, because if not chaos will prevail,
and put danger to everyone involved in the revoltare.
After more than two centuries industrial revolution happened on earth, the
condition human living environment still unchanged across the globe. The pollution
in the atmosphere, on water, and on land, remain to worse with the passage of time,
although there are signs earth citizen aware of pollution incurred by
industrial revolution since the outbreak introduced by man, and some effort to
get rid of it.
Latter efforts are not yet sufficient, considering industrial
revolution already happened in centuries, while the human awareness on pollution
of the living environmental just still in decades. Still much been done,
especially on citizen education around the world.
The living environment condition be achieved as has been mentioned
earlier: condition before the industrial revolution was started, even better
than that as is meant by the revolvere.
To get rid
environmental pollution on earth surface, as stipulated by Sūrah: Ar-Rad (Thunder), Verse 11, Muslim and
folk from around the globe have to refer back to the Arabian philosophy, been developed
from Irak to Andalusia, then brought to Europe, causing on that part of the world
sprang what is called applied knowledge, causing mankind enter the present civilization.
The
applied knowledge and analytical science have since brought human to the introduction
TMC for SoME burning fossil fuel needed by the various industry including
transportation, causing material (matter) to migrate from the belly of earth to
its surface, and polluting human living environment for centuries old until
today. Now with the same Islamic philosophy, but from another point of view,
making use EMC for SoME from various chemical elements along with their
development, to halt the flow of the unnecessary material (matter) from the
belly of earth to its surface polluting human living environment on its earth
surface; also establish Spinning Reserve for Industrial Raw Material,
abbreviated: SRIRM.
What is intended
by the new philosophic, in order every son of Adam living on the blue planet
truly accept the healthy mind it contains, because it was really meant by the
Sūrah Ar-Rad, Verse 11, because Allah
will never change the fate of a community, until they do it first themselves.
The new philosophy will guide the said community with a logical way to get rid
of pollution caused by industrial revolution made by man, by use of science in
various discipline; also conducting research, evaluation of findings, and draw
conclusions. A set of moral values also have to be establish to distinguish the
right from a wrong, as well as law punishing perpetrator of every wrong doing
not to repeat again. After all things of afore mentioned be done orderly to follow
the logical reasoning, Allah Subhanahu Wataala will answer the community pray.
Mother Earth Laboratory
To present
the healthy living environment in need by the various living thing on earth
surface in the course of time, a set of laboratory called: Mother Earth Laboratory,
shorten: MEL, must be established in every country been spread into region,
district, as well as village. The set of laboratory will monitor the environment
of all living thing such: air, water, land, and across sky around the world;
with all finding broadcasted around the world periodically like weather so
every citizen will know.
Of course
it is necessary to define: Standard of Living Environment, abbreviated SLE, for
human
being and other living thing on earth surface as their “right” with the umbrella
of law to protect throughout their mundane
life, like: the environment before industrial revolution emerging in Europe, or
even better than that. Having SLE on earth surface, human being and other living
thing can live what been called the normal life or standard life to follow the injunction
of Allah Subhanahu Wataala making use of NLT on the blue planet surface.
Such set
of laboratory will not come easy, especially to cover the whole earth surface,
because they comprise of research laboratories, now already on earth are spread
into countries, managed by developed nations. They already aware of impact made
by industrial revolution emerging from Europe more than two centuries ago, now
causing various illnesses widely known, like: cancer, birth defect, physical
and mental disorder and distortions, etc.; even children as young under five years
of age living in smelter producing base metal from mineral ore undergone sign Alzheimer
in the previous communist country.
It is
undoubtedly, ME do require piety from the human being and other living thing in
exchange for the care that been extended from birth to end of life on embarking
the second journey. Only the piety from all living thing, ME capable to carry
out the holy injunction of Allah Subhanahu Wataala, take care each living thing
traveling the mundane life on earth surface. Every living thing, like: plant,
animal, and human being, require: a place of living along with the fresh air to
breath, water to drink, food to eat, shelter, etc.; also including light and
heat sent directly from the sun, after milking from MB terminate for human baby
about two years.
MEL then
act as a “bridge” or interface, so everyone always aware of the condition of ME
taking care of every living thing throughout the life span at any time. This is
the reason why MEL has to monitor human environment from village, district,
country, world, and the sky around the planet to become World Environment
Information, shorten: WEI, gathered periodically and intelligently monitored by
MEL than broadcasted to all corner of the world.
At the
village level, Mosques will act for the Muslim; so also the other holy Houses
for the other beliefs; all working together informing the society on how important
to have attention on condition of human living environment and the responsibility of every
one on the care of it. Having a culture on the care of living environment well
developed, the personnel in charge for renewing WEI will quickly update to the
latest.
With WEI network
spread around the globe, the health of ME will be known by every world citizen
wherever he/she live and work, and can be used and saved. With the human
population steadily on the rise, ME health will have great impact on the life
of the citizen especially the economy and their social live.
It is
undoubtedly imperative to have international cooperation participating by every
country available on earth surface, because the blue planet is only one. Every
wrongdoing done by human hands against health of ME Protected by law must be
stopped and repaired as soon as possible, because there is no alternative to
migrate living on the other planet surface like moon, if a preparation has yet not
been done in advance.
Now, there
is only one alternative for mankind open, working together to clean up all sort
of waste that has appeared made by the earth inhabitant itself, since the
outbreak of industrial revolution in Europe more than two centuries ago.
Department
of Waste
To
be able presenting SLE continuously, “Department of Waste” need be established
in all country the world over. “Department of Waste” is at the upstream of
“river of pollution” while the “Department of Environment” is at its
downstream. It is impossible to clean up human living environment by the Department
of Environment per se, while Department of Waste delivering conventional wastes
continuously and the same time creates new one.
With
the number of human population steadily rising, the problem facing the human on
earth surface in the future are: source of energy, food, shelter, work
opportunity, etc.; always rising with quantity, quality, and diversity. This has
been mentioned earlier, will induce more material (matter) migrating from the earth
belly to its surface carrying unintended pollutant of various kind.
A
Department of Waste in a country has to tackle first the waste emerging from
material (matter) migrating from the belly of earth since the outbreak of industrial
revolution more than centuries ago, now remain polluting earth surface chemically
undone yet.
For
all undone chemical reaction polluting the earth surface, “Waste Reverse Reaction
Engineering”, shorten WR2E, has to be introduced to completely undone every
chemical reaction remain polluting earth surface since outbreak of industrial
revolution scattered around the world, to make sure that such chemical
reactions will no more pollute the planet surface.
WR2E
has to engineer various wastes arise from the many chemical reaction required
by business in: processing, manufacturing, service, and other industries, done
by earth citizen easily reversed engineered chemically, to get rid of
pollution. A Department of Waste has to release a Canon Book on this matter so
no business will ever produce pollutant of various sort to harm the human
living environment: on land, on water bodies, and in the air of earth
atmosphere.
Now
the Materials Science and Engineering, is now capable to introduce completely new
material for use in industry as well as other application not including
household. But no one yet knows the impact when the new material turn to waste
that littered the planet surface. The Department of Waste also have to keep
watch that the technology developed by human must run harmoniously with NLT introduced by Allah Subhanahu Wataala to Universe, on earth
in particular, in order not to intervene with a negative impact on each other,
because both technology making use same
chemical elements available in periodic or Mendeleyev table.
Department
of Waste must be able to forecast the wastes that will appear in the future to
anticipate their impact on the human and other living thing environment, as
well as the receipt to get rid of the impact if the wastes turn into threat to
the life of living thing.
There are still many things that need to be done by the
Department of Waste to escort all living thing on earth surface, in order the
sort of pollutant such as: common, dangerous, most dangerous, if scattered around
the living environment, with quality remain known especially their property whether
friendly or dangerous to NLT already introduced by Allah Subhanahu Wataala.
--------- end ---------
By:
H.M.Rusli Harahap
Pamulang Residence G1
Jalan Pamulang 2, Pondok Benda.
Kode Pos: 15416. Tangerang Selatan.
Tel. 021-74631125.





